IT.pptx

“Technology is a useful servant
but a dangerous master”.
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Information technology is a contemporary term that describes
the combination of computer technology (hardware and
software) with telecommunications technology (data, image
and voice networks).
IT
DATA
USERS
NETWORKS
PROCESS

 In some companies, this is referred to as Management
Information Services (or MIS) or simply as Information
Services (or IS).
 These innovations enable the processing and storage of
enormous amounts of information, along with rapid
distribution of information through communication networks.
 IT has enabled the globalization of the economy and
competition, and caused large-scale changes in many
industries.
 IT is also bringing a major shift in the job market; resulting in
a more polarized occupational structure, consisting of
highly skilled=well paid jobs
lower skilled=low wages
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Communication:
 Communication: Basic need for most human activities.
 Traditional- telephone, fax, mail...
 In the new information era- e-mail, internet, video
conferencing.
 The new communication technology enables people located
in different places to work together as if they were in the
same office. Big multinational companies are already
exploiting this technology to achieve better use of the
resources of their separate offices. In this way projects can
be shared between offices with the application of the best
expertise, and around the clock.
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IT
Programming
Network
Management
Cloud
Computing
Data
servers
Web 2.0
Security

Uses of Computer:
 The purpose of a computer is to process data into
information.
 Data consist of the raw facts and figures that are processed
into information.
 Information is data that has been summarized or otherwise
manipulated for use in decision making Hardware and
Software.
 Hardware consist of all the machinery and equipment in a
computer system.
 Software , or programs , consist of all the electronic
instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.
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Hardware and Software revolution:
 The diminishing cost of personal computers has put computing
power within the reach of even the smallest contractors.
 Rapidly developing hardware performance, coupled with the
development of storage drives with very large volumes,
modems, scanners, and back up devices has made the
computer suitable for storage and distribution of drawings and
other data in electronic format.
 The evolution of servers, network cards, modems and routers
have linked computers together providing a forum for
community collaboration.
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Internet:
 Internet The value of the Internet to construction companies
derives from its ability to easily connect globally to a vast
amount of data, which would otherwise have taken more time
and money to organize.
 By exploiting the resources of the Internet construction
companies can gain the following benefits.
 Acceleration in the distribution of knowledge resources within
and out with the company.
 Promotion and marketing for the company
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 On-line services: The rapid development of the Internet and the
World Wide Web has enabled many services that
traditionally required face to face meetings to be
delivered on-line.
 Internet distance learning: opportunities of university education,
widening access to higher education (delivering teaching
and learning to people who cannot attend lectures)-
increases a country’s competitiveness in a global market.
 E-business: Internet provides a virtual market place for
buyers, suppliers, distributors and sellers to exchange
information, negotiate and trade.
 Teleworking: Flexibility in working conditions, less office
space, more productive workers
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How is information technology
being used in education?
 E-mail
 Distance learning
How are computers being used
in health and medicine?
 Telemedicine
 Robots
How will computers affect my financial matters?
 Virtual money
 Micro-Credits
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History and Development of Information Technology:
 In the 1960s and 1970s, the term information technology (IT) was a
little known phrase that was used by those who worked in places like
banks and hospitals to store information. With the paradigm shift to
computing technology and "paperless" workplaces, information
technology has come to be a household phrase. It defines an
industry that uses computers, networking, software programming,
and other equipment and processes to store, process, transmit, and
protect information.
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Software development and computer
programming:
 Software development and computer
programming were best left to the
computer scientists and mathematical
engineers, due to their complicated
nature.
 As time passed and technology
advanced, such as with the advent of the
personal computer in the 1980s and its
everyday use in the home and the
workplace, the world moved into the
information age
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Modern Technology:
 By the early 21st century, nearly every child in the Western world,
and many in other parts of the world, knew how to use a personal
computer.
 Businesses' information technology departments have gone from
using storage tapes created by a single computer operator to
interconnected networks of employee workstations that store
information in a server farm, often somewhere away from the main
business site
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Technology facilitate our life:
 Technology facilitate our life Technology and information
may be regarded as two things are mutually binding. Both
support functions that are fairly similar. Advances in
technology are always facilitate the delivery of information.
The rate information from one country can spread rapidly to
other countries, even to all countries, through increasingly
sophisticated technology.
 Advances in information technology provide enormous
benefit in human survival. Information technology can
provide facilities in various aspects of life. One area of life
that has a close relationship with the use of information
technology is the world of work.
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Impact of Advanced Information
Technology:
 Advances in information technology is to be grateful and
appreciated as a remarkable achievement. Therefore, we
must take advantage of advances in information
technology is to do positive things.
Why is that?
 In fact, advances in information technology not only
provides a positive effect. Many also brought along the
negative impact of information technology advances.
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Here's a positive impact of information technology
development.
 Make it easier for companies or individual business
transaction-based information technology or so-called E-
Commerce.
 Simplify access to information needed for various purposes.
Besides positive impacts, advances in information
technology have a negative effect.
 The rapid advancement in information technology, internet
and other media, facilitate the entry of banned sites and
violence.
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 Ease of transactions via the Internet will provide
opportunities to perform transacts forbidden,
such as drug and contraband transactions.
As a result, anything that is required is
completed in quick time to be done by utilizing
flash technology as well.
Finally, human life can not be separated from the
flow of information technology.
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The Role of IT:
 It is accepted that telecommunication is a basic
infrastructure necessary for economic and social
development of a country.
 This is even becoming more strong than ever as
information related economic activities are growing.
 Information and communications technology may be
described as the support of the central nervous system
of complex societies, transmitting and processing
information and commands among the various parts of
such societies.
 Internet plays a fundamental function in IT role
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BENFIT
S OF IT
GLOBALISATIO
COST
EFFECTIVNESS
AUTOMATED
PROCESS
PRODUCTAVITY

Benefits from IT:
 Information and communications technology carries on high
promise both in human and economic terms.
Benefits could be obtained in:
 Globalization and cultural gap : by implementing information
systems we can bring down the linguistic, geographical and
some cultural boundaries. Sharing the information,
knowledge, communication and relationships between
different countries, languages and cultures becomes much
easier.
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 Cost effectiveness and productivity : The IS application promotes
more efficient operation of the company and also improves the
supply of information to decision-makers; applying such systems
can also play an important role in helping companies to put
greater emphasis on information technology in order to gain a
competitive advantage. IS has a positive impact on productivity,
however there are some frustrations can be faced by systems
users which are directly linked to lack of training and poor
systems performance because of system spread
 Globalization and cultural gap : By implementing information
systems we can bring down the linguistic, geographical and some
cultural boundaries. Sharing the information, knowledge,
communication and relationships between different countries,
languages and cultures becomes much easier.
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Disadvantages of IT :
 Unemployment and lack of job security : As technology
improves, tasks that were formerly performed by human
employees are now carried out by computer systems. Industry
experts believe that the internet has made job security a big
issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day.
This means that one has to be in a constant learning mode, if he
or she wishes for their job to be secure.
 Dominant culture : while information technology may have made
the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture
dominating another weaker one. For example it is now argued
that US influences how most young teenagers all over the world
now act, dress and behave.
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 Security issues : Thieves and hackers get access to identities
and corporate saboteurs target sensitive company data. Such
data can include vendor information, bank records,
intellectual property and personal data on company
management. The hackers distribute the information over the
Internet, sell it to rival companies or use it to damage the
company’s image.
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