This document discusses key concepts of object-oriented programming including classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It provides examples of real-world objects like accounts, personnel, and vehicles to illustrate these concepts. The benefits of OOP like better code reuse, flexibility and manageability are outlined. Key differences between C and C++ are described, with C++ adding classes and supporting OOP.
The document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming concepts. It discusses procedural programming and its limitations. It then introduces key concepts of OOP like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing. It explains how OOP addresses issues like code reuse and maintenance. The document also discusses benefits of OOP and its applications. It concludes by comparing C and C++, highlighting features like classes, objects, and inheritance that make C++ an object-oriented language.
The document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) and compares it to procedure-oriented programming. It covers key concepts of OOP like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing. It also discusses benefits of OOP like reusability, extensibility and managing complexity. The document provides examples of OOP concepts and differences between C and C++ programming languages.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in C++ including classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and more. It provides examples of class definitions and accessing class members. Key points covered include:
- Classes are templates that define objects, while objects are instances of classes.
- Encapsulation involves wrapping data and functions together in a class. Inheritance allows classes to acquire properties from other classes.
- Polymorphism allows a method to perform different actions based on parameters. Message passing involves communication between objects.
- Structured programming divides a program into functions and data, while object-oriented programming divides it into objects that contain data and functions.
Introduction to C++ : Object Oriented Technology, Advantages of OOP, Input- output in
C++, Tokens, Keywords, Identifiers, Data Types C++, Derives data types. The void data
type, Type Modifiers, Typecasting, Constant
C++ is an object-oriented programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT&T Bell Lab in the year 1980. Initially it was named “C with classes” but later in 1983 the name changed to C++. It is an extension of C with..
This document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) and some of its key concepts. It provides an example of modeling a human body as a class with objects that have variable attributes like color and hair, and methods like walking and speaking. The main OOP features discussed are objects as instances of classes, classes as blueprints for objects, abstraction which hides details, encapsulation which binds data and functions, inheritance which allows code reuse, polymorphism which allows the same function name with different arguments, and overloading which makes functions operate on different data types. Advantages of OOP over procedural programming cited are easier development and maintenance as projects grow, data hiding, and better simulation of real-world problems.
The document discusses object-oriented programming and how it relates to assembling a computer system from components. It states that object-oriented programming works similarly by making a program up of different self-contained objects that can communicate with each other in predefined ways, just like computer components fit together and communicate. It then provides a problem statement for building an order management system and outlines the contents to be covered related to basic C++ concepts.
C++ is an enhanced version of the C language. C++ includes everything that is part of C language and adds support for object oriented programming (OOP). With very few, very major exceptions, C++ is a superset of C
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts in C++. It begins with a comparison of procedure-oriented programming and object-oriented programming. Key concepts of OOP like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are then explained. The basic structure of a C++ program including header files, functions, variables and data types, input/output operators, and comments is also covered at a high level.
This document summarizes an object-oriented programming presentation. It discusses the history of programming beginning with Charles Babbage's Difference Engine in 1822. It then covers structured programming and introduces object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept. The presentation was given to an unknown semester and audience.
This document compares key differences between C and C++ programming languages. It lists 12 points of comparison between the two languages. Some key differences mentioned are:
1) C follows procedural programming while C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming.
2) C++ allows for better data encapsulation and security through access modifiers for class members.
3) C follows a top-down approach while C++ follows a bottom-up approach.
4) C++ supports features like function overloading, inheritance, exception handling, and namespaces that are not present in C.
Unit 1 introduces the basics of object-oriented programming (OOP). OOP treats data as objects that contain both data fields (properties) and methods (behaviors). Classes are templates that are used to create objects. Some key principles of OOP include encapsulation, which binds an object's data and methods together, inheritance which allows classes to share structures and behaviors of other classes, and polymorphism which allows different classes to have similarly-named methods that work in different ways. OOP aims to make code reusable, modular, and adaptable to changing requirements compared to traditional procedural programming.
The document outlines the syllabus for the II Year / III Semester 20IT302 - C++ AND DATA STRUCTURES course. It covers 5 units - (1) Object Oriented Programming Fundamentals, (2) Object Oriented Programming Concepts, (3) C++ Programming Advanced Features, (4) Advanced Non-Linear Data Structures, and (5) Graphs. Some key concepts covered include classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, templates, containers, iterators, trees, and graph algorithms.
What is OOP? Explain the basic principles of OOP, such as classes, objects, and their relationship.
Why use OOP? Discuss the benefits of OOP, such as code reusability, maintainability, and organization.
OOP vs. Procedural Programming: Compare and contrast the OOP approach with the procedural approach in PHP.
Object Oriented Programming For Engineering Students as well as for B.Tech -IT. Covers Almost All From The Basics.
For more:
Google Search:: Prabhaharan Ellaiyan
Object-oriented programming focuses on data. An object is a basic run-time entity. A class is also known as a user-defined data type. Inheritance provides the idea of reusability. Objects can communicate with each other through message passing. Polymorphism is achieved through operator overloading and function overloading.
What is Object-Oriented Programming?
The OOP programming approach is based on fundamental concepts of class and object.
OOP allows decomposition of a problem into a number of entities called objects and then builds data and functions around these objects.
There are many object-oriented programming languages including JavaScript, C++, Java, and Python.
It is programming style which is associated with concepts of class and object and various other concepts like:
Inheritance
polymorphism
abstraction
Encapsulation etc
Program are divided into small modules known as classes.
Function and data are tied together in an object.
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connection with their employees. The author also discusses other essential factors to learn and note when
manufacturing, selling, or using wireless networks and wireless communication systems.
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This document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) and some of its key concepts. It provides an example of modeling a human body as a class with objects that have variable attributes like color and hair, and methods like walking and speaking. The main OOP features discussed are objects as instances of classes, classes as blueprints for objects, abstraction which hides details, encapsulation which binds data and functions, inheritance which allows code reuse, polymorphism which allows the same function name with different arguments, and overloading which makes functions operate on different data types. Advantages of OOP over procedural programming cited are easier development and maintenance as projects grow, data hiding, and better simulation of real-world problems.
The document discusses object-oriented programming and how it relates to assembling a computer system from components. It states that object-oriented programming works similarly by making a program up of different self-contained objects that can communicate with each other in predefined ways, just like computer components fit together and communicate. It then provides a problem statement for building an order management system and outlines the contents to be covered related to basic C++ concepts.
C++ is an enhanced version of the C language. C++ includes everything that is part of C language and adds support for object oriented programming (OOP). With very few, very major exceptions, C++ is a superset of C
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts in C++. It begins with a comparison of procedure-oriented programming and object-oriented programming. Key concepts of OOP like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are then explained. The basic structure of a C++ program including header files, functions, variables and data types, input/output operators, and comments is also covered at a high level.
This document summarizes an object-oriented programming presentation. It discusses the history of programming beginning with Charles Babbage's Difference Engine in 1822. It then covers structured programming and introduces object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept. The presentation was given to an unknown semester and audience.
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Unit 1 introduces the basics of object-oriented programming (OOP). OOP treats data as objects that contain both data fields (properties) and methods (behaviors). Classes are templates that are used to create objects. Some key principles of OOP include encapsulation, which binds an object's data and methods together, inheritance which allows classes to share structures and behaviors of other classes, and polymorphism which allows different classes to have similarly-named methods that work in different ways. OOP aims to make code reusable, modular, and adaptable to changing requirements compared to traditional procedural programming.
The document outlines the syllabus for the II Year / III Semester 20IT302 - C++ AND DATA STRUCTURES course. It covers 5 units - (1) Object Oriented Programming Fundamentals, (2) Object Oriented Programming Concepts, (3) C++ Programming Advanced Features, (4) Advanced Non-Linear Data Structures, and (5) Graphs. Some key concepts covered include classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, templates, containers, iterators, trees, and graph algorithms.
What is OOP? Explain the basic principles of OOP, such as classes, objects, and their relationship.
Why use OOP? Discuss the benefits of OOP, such as code reusability, maintainability, and organization.
OOP vs. Procedural Programming: Compare and contrast the OOP approach with the procedural approach in PHP.
Object Oriented Programming For Engineering Students as well as for B.Tech -IT. Covers Almost All From The Basics.
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There are many object-oriented programming languages including JavaScript, C++, Java, and Python.
It is programming style which is associated with concepts of class and object and various other concepts like:
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3. Session Objectives
Define Class & Objects
Characteristics of OOPS
History of C++
Difference Between C & C++
C++ Programming Structure
Introduction to Objects
4. All around us in the
real world are
objects.
Each object has
certain
characteristics and
exhibits certain
behaviour
7. The Object-Oriented Approach - III
Personnel
Accounts Sales
The real world around is full of objects .We can consider both living
beings as well as things as objects.For example,the different
departments in a company are objects.
8. Why OOP’s Concept are Used?
The drawbacks of Traditional Programming
approach are
Unmanageable Programs
Code Reusability not Optimum
Problems in Modification of Data
Difficulty in Implementation
9. Object – Oriented Programming
Accounts
Data
Employee details
Salary statements
Bills
Vouchers
Reciepts
Functions
Calculate salary
Pay salary
Pay bills
Tally accounts
Transact with banks
Here the application has to implement the entities as they are
seen in real life and associate actions and attributes with each.
10. Benefits of Object Oriented Programming approach
are -
OOP offers better implementation
OOP offers better data security
OOP offers better code reusability
OOP offers more flexibility
OOP offers better manageable programs
Large complexity in the software development
can be easily managed
User defined datatypes can be easily constructed
12. Data acquisition Systems
Client/Server Computing
Object –Oriented Database applications
Artificial Intelligence and expert systems
systems such as process control, temperature control etc.
GUI based system such as Windows Applications
Computer Aided Design and manufacturing Systems
14. Grouping of data and methods into a
single entity is known as Data
Encapsulation
It is a technical name for information
hiding. (i.e data hiding or data security)
16. Data abstraction enhances security as use
of data is restricted to certain functions
only.
Abstraction is more used where you
want only a certain number of
functions/methods are accessing data.
22. polymorphism allows a programmer to
purse a course of action by sending a
message to an object without concerning
about how the software system is to
implement the action
Simply defined as “Same thing
can behave different ones”
24. A class is what defines all the data members
and the methods that an object should have.
The class defines the characteristics that the
object will possess; it could also be referred to
as a blueprint of the object.
Syntax:
class class_name
Eg:
class fruit
26. Simply defined as a structure that combines the objects with some attributes
(data structure) and some behavior (operation)
+
27. Access Specifiers of a Class
Class
Data or
functions
Data or
functions
Private
Public
Not
accessible
from outside
the class
Accessible
from outside
the class
28. To access the member data
and member function defined
inside the class
29. Object Oriented Languages
Some of the leading object oriented languages are:
C++
Smalltalk
Eiffel
CLOS
Java
30. Author of C++ is
Bjarne stroustrup
He invented this language in 1980's at
AT&T Bell Laboratories
All the C programs can be run
successfully using C++ compiler
31. C++ was designed using two
languages such as “C” Language
which gives the low-level feature
and “Simula67” provides the
class concept.
32. C Language C++ Language
Procedural Programming Language Object Oriented Programming
Language
Headerfile : #include #include
“n” is used to go to the next line we can use endl statement
Function prototypes are optional All Functions must be protyped
Local variables declared only the start
of a C program
It can be declared anywhere in a
program, before they are used
Return type for a function is optional Return type must be specified
Do not permit data Hiding They permit data hiding
Bydefault structure members are
public
class members are private
We can call a main() function within a
program
This is not allowed
33. Each class specification starts with the keyword “class”
The Class Specification must always end with a semicolon (;)
Data abstraction is the ability to create user-defined data
types for modeling real world objects using built-in data types.
Classes are used for data abstraction by hiding the
implementation of a type in the “private” part.
Polymorphism in Greek word means “Many Forms”
34. A class is an enhanced structure that provides Object-Oriented
Features of C++
An object is an instance of a class which combines both data
and functions together. Who developed C++?
Encapsulation is the process of combining member functions
and the data it manipulates and keeps them safe from outside
interferrence
The three access specifiers in a class are
private,public,protected
By default all members declared inside a class are private to
that class
C++ provides two pre-defined objects cin and cout for handling
35. EXERCISES
1. Describe the Basic concepts of OOPS?
2. List the various applications of Object oriented
Programming?
3. Explain briefly Classes & Objects?
4. State the use of #include directive in C++?
5. List the various benefits of Object Oriented Programming?