PHP Program to Print all triplets in sorted array that form AP

Last Updated : 22 Jul, 2024

Given a sorted array of distinct positive integers, print all triplets that form AP (or Arithmetic Progression)

Examples :

Input : arr[] = { 2, 6, 9, 12, 17, 22, 31, 32, 35, 42 };
Output :
6 9 12
2 12 22
12 17 22
2 17 32
12 22 32
9 22 35
2 22 42
22 32 42

Input : arr[] = { 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12};
Output :
3 5 7
5 6 7
6 7 8
6 8 10
8 10 12

A simple solution is to run three nested loops to generate all triplets and for every triplet, check if it forms AP or not. Time complexity of this solution is O(n³)

A better solution is to use hashing. We traverse array from left to right. We consider every element as middle and all elements after it as next element. To search the previous element, we use a hash table.

PHP


// PHP program to pr$all 
// triplets in given array 
// that form Arithmetic 
// Progression

// Function to print
// all triplets in
// given sorted array 
// that forms AP
function printAllAPTriplets($arr, $n)
{
    $s = array();
    for ($i = 0; $i < $n - 1; $i++)
    {
        for ($j = $i + 1; 
             $j < $n; $j++)
        {
            // Use hash to find if
            // there is a previous 
            // element with difference
            // equal to arr[j] - arr[i]
            $diff = $arr[$j] - $arr[$i];

            if (in_array($arr[$i] -
                         $diff, $arr))
                echo(($arr[$i] - $diff) . 
                         " " . $arr[$i] . 
                         " " . $arr[$j] . "
");
        }
    array_push($s, $arr[$i]);
    }
}

// Driver code
$arr = array(2, 6, 9, 12, 17, 
            22, 31, 32, 35, 42);
$n = count($arr);
printAllAPTriplets($arr, $n);

// This code is contributed by 
// Manish Shaw(manishshaw1)
?>

Output

Complexity Analysis:

Time Complexity : O(n²)
Auxiliary Space : O(n)

An efficient solution is based on the fact that the array is sorted. We use the same concept as discussed in GP triplet question. The idea is to start from the second element and fix every element as a middle element and search for the other two elements in a triplet (one smaller and one greater).

Below is the implementation of the above idea.

PHP


// PHP implementation to print
// all the triplets in given array
// that form Arithmetic Progression

// Function to print all triplets in
// given sorted array that forms AP
function findAllTriplets($arr, $n)
{
    for ($i = 1; $i < $n - 1; $i++) 
    {

        // Search other two elements 
        // of AP with arr[i] as middle.
        for ($j = $i - 1, $k = $i + 1; 
                   $j >= 0 && $k < $n;)
        {
            
            // if a triplet is found
            if ($arr[$j] + $arr[$k] == 2 * 
                           $arr[$i]) 
            {
                echo $arr[$j] ." " .
                     $arr[$i]. " " . 
                     $arr[$k] . " ";

                // Since elements are distinct,
                // arr[k] and arr[j] cannot form
                // any more triplets with arr[i]
                $k++;
                $j--;
            }

            // If middle element is more move to 
            // higher side, else move lower side.
            else if ($arr[$j] + $arr[$k] < 2 * 
                                     $arr[$i]) 
                $k++;         
            else
                $j--;         
        }
    }
}

// Driver code
$arr = array(2, 6, 9, 12, 17, 
             22, 31, 32, 35, 42);
             
$n = count($arr);
findAllTriplets($arr, $n);

// This code is contributed by Sam007
?>

Output

6 9 12 2 12 22 12 17 22 2 17 32 12 22 32 9 22 35 2 22 42 22 32 42

Complexity Analysis:

Time Complexity : O(n²)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)

Please refer complete article on Print all triplets in sorted array that form AP for more details!

PHP Program to Print all triplets in sorted array that form AP

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PHP Program to Print all triplets in sorted array that form AP

Examples :

Complexity Analysis:

Complexity Analysis:

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