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Issue 39 #95

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wants to merge 3 commits into from
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Issue 39 #95

wants to merge 3 commits into from

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SteveALee
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@SteveALee SteveALee commented Jan 25, 2017

For #39

@awkawk awkawk mentioned this pull request Jan 28, 2017
@joshueoconnor
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@SteveALee @lseeman I'm not sure what to do with this? I see the PR but it looks like there was a decision to not add some content? Is that right? Going thru the commits on guidelines/index.html - I don't see the suggested change and think this may be difficult for the group to review. If there is something I'm missing please let me know.

@SteveALee
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SteveALee commented Jan 28, 2017

@joshueoconner it's all become a mess.

Lisa asked me to add ALL content in issue, Andrew asked me to remove, git asked me to merge it back as I had pushed.

Somehow the process is muddled.

I'll rip it out and start again. But won't be till next week

@joshueoconnor
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joshueoconnor commented Jan 28, 2017

@SteveALee Apologies - but I did chuckle - and feel your pain. Yes, for working group review what we would like is the clear draft SC, in place in guidelines/index.html with a PR.

@lseeman
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lseeman commented Jan 30, 2017

sorry steve!!
i was confuced... will try and sort it all out on coga call today!

@SteveALee
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@lseeman No problem
@joshueoconnor glad to cheer you up!
The actual change was the 2nd commit
The first commit was sorting out spacing.
I agree it's not easy to figure out from that little lot :)

@SteveALee
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@joshueoconnor it's just the 2 commits now so easier to read.

@@ -1157,6 +1169,11 @@

any sequence where words and paragraphs are presented in an order that does not change the meaning of the content

critical controls

controls amd features that are required to complete the main role or tasks of the user interface.

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"controls amd features" > "controls and features"

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@patrickhlauke Thank you!

@LJWatson
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LJWatson commented Feb 14, 2017

This feedback is from @jspellman @patrickhlauke @stevefaulkner @IanPouncey and @LJWatson

We've tried to look at this SC from the point of view of authors and testers. This SC identifies an important set of user needs, and we hope that our comments will help create SCs that meet those needs, by being as usable as possible for both authors and testers.

This SC seems to cover two basic user needs:

  1. People must be able to identify critical controls
  2. People must be able to find critical controls

We think it would be easier for this SC to focus on the first user need, and for the second user need to be recommended as best practice instead. Partly because the two needs are different, but also because we think one is more difficult to construct into a practical SC.

  1. People must be able to identify critical controls

Suggested SC title: Accentuate critical controls

It should be possible for someone to identify a critical control, as opposed to any other type of control in the same document. We wonder whether we can borrow from the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) for this?

ATAG includes this:

"B.4.1.4 Feature Prominence: All accessible content support features are at least as prominent as features related to either invalid markup, syntax errors,

spelling errors or grammar errors."

An accessible content support feature is something like a field for adding an alternative text to an image. ATAG requires that it has the same prominence as other critical features. In other words, it is given greater prominence than non-critical features.

The ATAG definition for "prominence" is this:

"prominence: A heuristic measure of how likely authors are to notice a user interface component in a user interface that they are operating. Prominence is affected by numerous factors, including: the number of navigation steps required, the reading order position, visual properties (e.g. size, spacing, color), and even the modality of use (e.g. mouse vs. keyboard use)."

We think that if this SC was focused on this single requirement, it would be possible for authors to implement, and practical for testers to assess, whilst addressing a clear user need.

  1. People must be able to find critical controls

This is the part we think might be better as best practice. The current SC proposal requires that critical controls are presented "above the fold". This phrase comes from the newspaper industry, and it refers to content that would be visible even when the paper was folded up on a newstand.

The fold was a popular term on the web until about 10 years ago when it became almost impossible to determine exactly where the fold might be. A piece of 2015 research by Luke Wroblewski shows just how many variations there are. With apologies, the data in that article is in an image.

It might be argued that a common set of screen sizes could be identified for testing, but this would be impossible to do in a maintainable way. For example, there are currently five resolutions of iOS devices available, each with two screen orientations. Let's say there are another 10 standard sizes of Android device, also with two screen orientations, and you already have 30 common screen sizes to test. When you include desktops (with average screen sizes from 21" to 27"), laptops (with average screen sizes from 12" to 17"), and then recall that the browser window can be resized on both desktops and laptops, it's become an impossible task.

Even if it were possible to reduce the list of common screen sizes to something more manageable, it would be necessary to revise and update the list every few months. The mobile space regularly produces new screen sizes, wearable devices are growing in popularity, and desktop monitors continue to increase in size (with 34" monitors now on the market) for example.

So we're struggling to understand how authors could meet this SC, and how testers would be able to verify that it had been successfully met. Sites that meet the requirements at the time they were developed could fail 6 months later if the list of common screen sizes was revised. If we've missed something, please help us understand how we as authors and testers can really use this part of the current SC?
If our suggestion makes sense, we're happy to adjust the SC text accordingly and create a new Pull Request (PR).

@SteveALee
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SteveALee commented Feb 14, 2017 via email

@alastc
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alastc commented Feb 15, 2017

The issue I see with needing to scroll is that functionality can be hidden.

Depending on screen size, some things will have to be hidden. Whether it is due to scrolling, or because controls have been put behind a menu / drop-down / pop-up / dialogue. There are many methods!

The "fold" as a concept for an SC is a non-starter, one of the images from that link was an overlay of the screen sizes from recent devices:
a maze of overlapping rectangles.

Which fold would you suggest?

Given the other methods of hiding controls, I was thinking about how to generalise the SC to cover other methods.

I wondered if this would be a possible alternative:

Critical controls or important information are prioritised.

The text from ATAG is a very useful point (and I had forgotten that one - it's been a while!), but the aim there was to make accessibility features prominent compared to certain others, it was not concerned with working out what was important in the first place.

Prioritising content and controls is one of the primary aims of design, or at least any kind of usable design.

The whole point of a UX design process is to understand the users tasks, and prioritise parts of the interface to make the task easier. I cannot see how a guideline can help with this, it is solved by the design process, any guideline will be too simple to apply across homepages, articles, email, IDEs, medical exams etc etc.

When you go down this line of thinking it does not end up with a guideline.

Is there another direction that would be better? Is it mostly about scrolling, or rather, remembering to scroll? Would a browser widget/extension that highlights when there is more to see be a better solution to this problem? (And don't use a Mac which hides scroll bars!?!)

@SteveALee
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SteveALee commented Feb 15, 2017 via email

@alastc
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alastc commented Feb 15, 2017

For example contrast is an accessibility feature but choice of colours is firmly a design decision.

That is a good analogy, but what is the equivalent here?

The SC is trying to influence prioritisation (like colour choice), but there is not a separate attribute (like contrast) to focus on from an accessibility point of view.

It's largely a matter of not having to perform another possibly non-obvious action to get to a critical control.

If a critical control is hidden then there are business or process issues preventing it from being shown. Hiding critical controls means either:

  1. There is a lack of understanding of the task(s) users are trying to perform and/or a lack of design ability.
  2. There is a business reason to make that task harder (e.g. they want to minimise the number of people doing something).

In the first case: how can a tester know more than the people who designed it? Applying a guideline does not help if you don't know the answer in the first place!
In the second case: an accessibility guideline is not going to influence their decision.

I assume guidelines are external documents that are non-normative?

Sorry, I mean guideline in the general sense of a concept you can apply to any design. In this case it is the Success Criteria.

This SC addresses a very important point and I don't think it should be pushed off to one side.

It is an important point, but is it something that can be addressed by an accessibility guideline?
Everything I've read about it so far (and coming from a design, development and testing point of view) leads me to believe it is best addressed by understanding the tasks users are trying to achieve, and designing appropriately.

Like any accessibility issue - it's an issue that impacts everyone - see
https://abookapart.com/products/design-for-real-life

Have you read it? It is all about dealing with things as part of a UX process, not applying guidelines.

They recommend:

  • Challenging your design with niche use-cases;
  • Find what matters to users, not you;
  • Prioritising stress cases (an identifiable topic you can separate from general usability);
  • Meet your users;
  • Strengthen your process;

These are all things that are driven by the context of the website and users, there is no one-size fits all solution.

One guideline (SC) you could pull out of that book is to allow text entry for gender questions, so that is an example of going from usability process to a specific criteria you can apply generally. I don't see an equivalent here that we can use.

For example, what is a critical control on the BBC Homepage? (And notice how the menu adapts at different screen widths, does it pass at bigger sizes and fail at smaller sizes?).
Same for the Facebook homepage, Yahoo, Gov.uk, my blog... it is not universally applicable and I can't see a way to reduce the scope to make it applicable.

The fundamental point is that this SC cannot be tested by a guideline, it needs to be addressed by a whole process, and that is not something that the WCAG 2.x framework can tackle.

The two routes forward I see are:

  • WCAG 3.0
  • A WCAG AA+ denomination (as Lisa suggested) which groups together the process-oriented 'recomendations'.

@SteveALee
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SteveALee commented Feb 15, 2017 via email

@lseeman
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lseeman commented Feb 15, 2017

@jspellman @patrickhlauke @stevefaulkner @IanPouncey and @LJWatson @alastc
Folks, are you all aware that we defined above the fold?

  • positioned in the upper part of a web page and so visible without scrolling down the page in the main modality of the content.
    and we defined the main modality of the content as modalities that were considored at design time. ut is kind of like a baseline which is a concept we already have.

Unfortunatly many designers feel that "dsicoverability " makes the experence more engaging. That is the business case why people are making it harder to use the content :(

@lseeman
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lseeman commented Feb 15, 2017

I am comfortable with * This SC -
*Critical controls *and important information required to carry out a specific activity are accentuated in the main modality of the content so they are easy to identify unless doing so will interfere with the main function of the content (such as a game).

And we add scrolling and covered information as a failure techneque

@SteveALee
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SteveALee commented Feb 15, 2017 via email

@stevefaulkner
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stevefaulkner commented Feb 15, 2017

Folks, are you all aware that we defined above the fold?

I suggest that defining something which has no practical meaning, due to the proliferation of viewport sizes, viewport orientations, screen resolutions and potential user customization of content (zoom to 300%, for example) and is not helpful and will not be helpful to people trying to implement it or people using the end product. I suggest it is better to remove discredited terminology.

@alastc
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alastc commented Feb 15, 2017

Folks, are you all aware that we defined above the fold?

Yes, but definition doesn't help. We (and most of our clients) design sites where the 'main modality' is everything from 320px wide phone to a 3000px wide desktop. There still isn't "a" fold, or even a "main modality" really, one of the points of web design is that it applies across many devices & modalities.

*Critical controls *and important information required to carry out a specific activity

This is still impossible to assess, what is critical? and what counts as a specific activities?

I've tried (conceptually) to apply this to common/popular sites and I can't see how you would pass/fail something. E.g. BBC, Facebook, Yahoo, a blog, Word online, etc.

what is "failure technique" and where does it live? In a bullet point in the SC?

Techniques/failures are the detailed methods you use to pass an SC, or recognised (and universal) failures for an SC. For example.

I'm not concerned by having techniques, they just need to be theoretically possible at this stage.

The substantive issue is that it does not appear possible apply this to many web pages.

many designers feel that "dsicoverability " makes the experence more engaging.

Are there some really awful examples of this you can point me to? Perhaps there is another angle.

@jspellman
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jspellman commented Feb 15, 2017

many designers feel that "dsicoverability " makes the experence more engaging.

Are there some really awful examples of this you can point me to? Perhaps there is another angle.

Alastair, I was suggesting that we approach this problem by adapting the ATAG definition of Prominence. Mike Pluke disagreed and wanted to use the EN301 definition, but that only gives equal discoverability, not better discoverability. He also thought Prominence was untestable, but I disagreed, since the definition is a comparison with other components. It's not easily testable, but I think it could be automated, especially if we were more specific than ATAG and listed the ways that prominence could be compared.

@lseeman
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lseeman commented Feb 15, 2017 via email

@alastc
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alastc commented Feb 15, 2017

@jspellman if it was just about prominence I would agree, the issue is about what should be prominent.

ATAG was using it to provide equal priority for accessibility specify functions compared to other specified functions.

For this SC there would have to be a method of saying what is critical / important.

If the site hasn't done that already via a UX process, how do you apply the guideline?

@lseeman you have my email address if you'd like to spare people's blushes.

@awkawk
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awkawk commented Nov 30, 2017

Closing this pull request as it is very much overcome by other changes in the spec.

@awkawk awkawk closed this Nov 30, 2017
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9 participants