- class="parameter">columnname%TYPE.
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
- | IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
- | IN GROUP rolename [, ...]
- | ROLE rolename [, ...]
- | ADMIN rolename [, ...]
- | USER rolename [, ...]
+ | IN ROLE role_name [, ...]
+ | IN GROUP role_name [, ...]
+ | ROLE role_name [, ...]
+ | ADMIN role_name [, ...]
+ | USER role_name [, ...]
| SYSID uid
- IN ROLE rolename
+ IN ROLE role_name
The IN ROLE clause lists one or more existing
- IN GROUP rolename
+ IN GROUP role_name
IN GROUP is an obsolete spelling of
- ROLE rolename
+ ROLE role_name
The ROLE clause lists one or more existing
- ADMIN rolename
+ ADMIN role_name
The ADMIN clause is like ROLE,
- USER rolename
+ USER role_name
The USER clause is an obsolete spelling of
The CREATE ROLE statement is in the SQL standard,
but the standard only requires the syntax
-CREATE ROLE name [ WITH ADMIN rolename ]
+CREATE ROLE name [ WITH ADMIN role_name ]
Multiple initial administrators, and all the other options of
CREATE ROLE, are
CREATE TRIGGER name { BEFORE | AFTER } { event [ OR ... ] }
ON table [ FOR [ EACH ] { ROW | STATEMENT } ]
- EXECUTE PROCEDURE funcname ( arguments )
+ EXECUTE PROCEDURE function_name ( arguments )
CREATE TRIGGER creates a new trigger. The
trigger will be associated with the specified table and will
execute the specified function
- class="parameter">funcname when certain events occur.
+ class="parameter">function_name when certain events occur.
- funcname
+ function_name
A user-supplied function that is declared as taking no arguments
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
- | IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
- | IN GROUP rolename [, ...]
- | ROLE rolename [, ...]
- | ADMIN rolename [, ...]
- | USER rolename [, ...]
+ | IN ROLE role_name [, ...]
+ | IN GROUP role_name [, ...]
+ | ROLE role_name [, ...]
+ | ADMIN role_name [, ...]
+ | USER role_name [, ...]
| SYSID uid
-CREATE USER MAPPING FOR { username | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
- SERVER servername
+CREATE USER MAPPING FOR { user_name | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
+ SERVER server_name
[ OPTIONS ( option 'value' [ , ... ] ) ]
- username
+ user_name
The name of an existing user that is mapped to foreign server.
- servername
+ server_name
The name of an existing server for which the user mapping is
DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] table [ [ AS ] alias ]
- [ USING usinglist ]
+ [ USING using_list ]
[ WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
[ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ]
- usinglist
+ using_list
A list of table expressions, allowing columns from other tables
linkend="sql-from" endterm="sql-from-title"> of a
SELECT statement; for example, an alias for
the table name can be specified. Do not repeat the target table
- in the usinglist,
+ in the using_list,
unless you wish to set up a self-join.
-
+
-DROP CAST [ IF EXISTS ] (sourcetype AS targettype) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
+DROP CAST [ IF EXISTS ] (source_type AS target_type) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
- sourcetype
+ source_type
- targettype
+ target_type
-DROP OPERATOR [ IF EXISTS ] name ( { lefttype | NONE } , { righttype | NONE } ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
+DROP OPERATOR [ IF EXISTS ] name ( { left_type | NONE } , { right_type | NONE } ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
- lefttype
+ left_type
The data type of the operator's left operand; write
- righttype
+ right_type
The data type of the operator's right operand; write
-DROP RULE [ IF EXISTS ] name ON relation [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
+DROP RULE [ IF EXISTS ] name ON table [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
- relation
+ table
The name (optionally schema-qualified) of the table or view that
-DROP SERVER [ IF EXISTS ] servername [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
+DROP SERVER [ IF EXISTS ] server_name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
- servername
+ server_name
The name of an existing server.
-DROP TABLESPACE [ IF EXISTS ] tablespacename
+DROP TABLESPACE [ IF EXISTS ] tablespace_name
- tablespacename
+ tablespace_name
The name of a tablespace.
-DROP USER MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR { username | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC } SERVER servername
+DROP USER MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR { user_name | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC } SERVER server_name
- username
+ user_name
User name of the mapping. CURRENT_USER
- servername
+ server_name
Server name of the user mapping.
-FETCH [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname
+FETCH [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursor_name
where direction can be empty or one of:
- cursorname
+ cursor_name
An open cursor's name.
GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column [, ...] ) }
- ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON SEQUENCE sequence_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON DATABASE database_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdw_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FOREIGN SERVER servername [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON FOREIGN SERVER server_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON FUNCTION function_name ( [ [ argmode ] [ arg_name ] arg_type [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON LANGUAGE lang_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON SCHEMA schema_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
- TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
+ ON TABLESPACE tablespace_name [, ...]
+ TO { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
-GRANT role [, ...] TO rolename [, ...] [ WITH ADMIN OPTION ]
+GRANT role_name [, ...] TO role_name [, ...] [ WITH ADMIN OPTION ]
-MOVE [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname
+MOVE [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursor_name
-PREPARE name [ ( datatype [, ...] ) ] AS statement
+PREPARE name [ ( data_type [, ...] ) ] AS statement
- datatype
+ data_type
The data type of a parameter to the prepared statement. If the
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column [, ...] ) }
- ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON SEQUENCE sequence_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON DATABASE database_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdw_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FOREIGN SERVER servername [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON FOREIGN SERVER server_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON FUNCTION function_name ( [ [ argmode ] [ arg_name ] arg_type [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON LANGUAGE lang_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON SCHEMA schema_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
- ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
- FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
+ ON TABLESPACE tablespace_name [, ...]
+ FROM { [ GROUP ] role_name | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
- role [, ...] FROM rolename [, ...]
+ role_name [, ...] FROM role_name [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
-SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE rolename
+SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE role_name
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE NONE
RESET ROLE
This command sets the current user
identifier of the current SQL session to be
- class="parameter">rolename. The role name can be
+ class="parameter">role_name. The role name can be
written as either an identifier or a string literal.
After SET ROLE, permissions checking for SQL commands
is carried out as though the named role were the one that had logged
- The specified rolename
+ The specified role_name
must be a role that the current session user is a member of.
(If the session user is a superuser, any role can be selected.)
-
+
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
-SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION username
+SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION user_name
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT
RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
This command sets the session user identifier and the current user
identifier of the current SQL session to be
- class="parameter">username. The user name can be
+ class="parameter">user_name. The user name can be
written as either an identifier or a string literal. Using this
command, it is possible, for example, to temporarily become an
unprivileged user and later switch back to being a superuser.
The SQL standard allows some other expressions to appear in place
- of the literal username, but these options
+ of the literal user_name, but these options
are not important in practice.
PostgreSQL allows identifier syntax ("username"), which SQL
does not. SQL does not allow this command during a transaction;
UPDATE [ ONLY ] table [ [ AS ] alias ]
SET { column = { expression | DEFAULT } |
( column [, ...] ) = ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) } [, ...]
- [ FROM fromlist ]
+ [ FROM from_list ]
[ WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
[ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ]
- fromlist
+ from_list
A list of table expressions, allowing columns from other tables
specified in the
endterm="sql-from-title"> of a SELECT
statement. Note that the target table must not appear in the
- fromlist, unless you intend a self-join (in which
- case it must appear with an alias in the fromlist).
+ from_list, unless you intend a self-join (in which
+ case it must appear with an alias in the from_list).
When a FROM clause is present, what essentially happens
is that the target table is joined to the tables mentioned in the
- fromlist, and each output row of the join
+ from_list, and each output row of the join
represents an update operation for the target table. When using
FROM you should ensure that the join
produces at most one output row for each row to be modified. In
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