The string that represents a null value. The default is
- \N (backslash-N) in text mode, and a empty
- value with no quotes in CSV> mode. You might prefer an
+ \N (backslash-N) in text mode, and an unquoted empty
+ string in CSV> mode. You might prefer an
empty string even in text mode for cases where you don't want to
distinguish nulls from empty strings.
In CSV> COPY TO> mode, forces quoting to be
used for all non-NULL> values in each specified column.
NULL> output is never quoted. If *> is specified,
- non-NULL> values for all columns of the table will be
- quoted.
+ non-NULL> values will be quoted in all columns.
The CSV> format has no standard way to distinguish a
NULL> value from an empty string.
-
PostgreSQL>'s COPY> handles this by
- quoting. A NULL> is output as the NULL>
- parameter and is not quoted, while a non-NULL value matching the
- the NULL> parameter string is quoted. Therefore, using the default
- settings, a NULL> is written as an unquoted empty
+
PostgreSQL>'s COPY> handles this by quoting.
+ A NULL> is output as the NULL> parameter string
+ and is not quoted, while a non-NULL> value matching the
+ NULL> parameter string is quoted. For example, with the
+ default settings, a NULL> is written as an unquoted empty
string, while an empty string data value is written with double quotes
("">). Reading values follows similar rules. You can
use FORCE NOT NULL> to prevent NULL> input