Access control privileges¶

This topic describes the privileges that are available in the Snowflake access control model. privileges are granted to roles, and roles are granted to users, to specify the operations that the users can perform on objects in the system.

All privileges (alphabetical)¶

The following privileges are available in the Snowflake access control model. The meaning of each privilege varies depending on the object type to which it is applied, and not all objects support all privileges:

Privilege

Object Type

Description

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

All

Grants all the privileges for the specified object type.

APPLY

Policy, Tag

Grants the ability to assign a policy or tag to an object that can be tagged or protected by a policy.

APPLYBUDGET

Database, Schema, Table, event table, hybrid table, Apache Icebergâ„¢ table, Warehouse, Task, Pipe, Materialized View

Grants the ability to add or remove an object to or from a budget.

APPLY AGGREGATION POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add and drop an aggregation policy on a table or view.

APPLY AUTHENTICATION POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add or drop an authentication policy on the Snowflake account or a user in the Snowflake account.

APPLY CONTACT

Global

Grants the ability to associate or detach a contact with an object.

APPLY FEATURE POLICY

Grants the ability to apply a feature policy for an account or on a specific object.

APPLY JOIN POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add and drop a join policy on a table or view.

APPLY MASKING POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to set a Column-level Security masking policy on a table or view column and to set a masking policy on a tag. This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY PACKAGES POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add or drop a packages policy on the Snowflake account.

APPLY PASSWORD POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add or drop a password policy on the Snowflake account or a user in the Snowflake account.

APPLY PRIVACY POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add and drop a privacy policy on a table or view.

APPLY PROJECTION POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add and drop a projection policy on a table or view.

APPLY ROW ACCESS POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to add and drop a row access policy on a table or view. This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY SESSION POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to set or unset a session policy on an account or user.

APPLY TAG

Global

Grants the ability to add or drop a tag on a Snowflake object.

ATTACH POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to activate a network policy by associating it with your account.

AUDIT

Global

Grants the ability to set the ENABLE_UNREDACTED_QUERY_SYNTAX_ERROR and ENABLE_UNREDACTED_SECURE_OBJECT_ERROR user parameters.

BIND SERVICE ENDPOINT

Global

Enables the ability to create a service that supports public endpoints. For more information about public endpoints, see Ingress: Using a service from outside Snowflake.

CREATE

Global, Database, Schema

Grants the ability to create an object of (e.g. CREATE TABLE grants the ability to create a table within a schema).

CREATE FEATURE POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to create feature policies.

CREATE JOIN POLICY

Global

Grants the ability to create a join policy on a table or view.

CREATE PROVISIONED THROUGHPUT

Global

Grants the ability to create a provisioned throughput.

DELETE

Table, event table, hybrid table, Iceberg table

Grants the ability to execute a DELETE command on the table.

EVOLVE SCHEMA

Table

Grants the ability for schema evolution to occur on a table when loading data.

EXECUTE ALERT

Global

Grants the ability to execute alerts owned by the role. For serverless alerts to run, the role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on the alert must also have the global EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT privilege.

EXECUTE AUTO CLASSIFICATION

Global, Schema

Grants the ability to set a classification profile on a schema to implement automatic sensitive data classification.

EXECUTE DATA METRIC FUNCTION

Global

Enables using serverless compute resources when calling a data metric function.

EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT

Global

Grants the ability to create alerts that rely on serverless compute resources. Only required to create serverless alerts. The role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on a serverless alert must have both the EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT and the EXECUTE ALERT privilege for the alert to run.

EXECUTE MANAGED TASK

Global

Grants the ability to create tasks that rely on serverless compute resources. Only required to create serverless tasks. The role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on a task must have both the EXECUTE MANAGED TASK and the EXECUTE TASK privilege for the task to run.

EXECUTE TASK

Global

Grants the ability to run tasks owned by the role. For serverless tasks to run, the role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on the task must also have the global EXECUTE MANAGED TASK privilege.

FAILOVER

Failover Group, Connection

Grants the ability to promote a secondary failover group or secondary connection to serve as the primary.

IMPORT ORGANIZATION USER GROUPS

Global

Grants the ability to add an organization user group to a regular account, which imports users into the account.

IMPORT SHARE

Global

Applies to data consumers. Grants the ability to view shares shared with your account. Also grants the ability to create databases from the shares; requires the global CREATE DATABASE privilege.

OVERRIDE SHARE RESTRICTIONS

Global

Grants the ability to set value for the SHARE_RESTRICTIONS parameter on a share which enables a Business Critical provider account to add a consumer account (with non-Business Critical edition) to a share. For more details, see Enable sharing from a Business critical account to a non-business critical account.

IMPORTED PRIVILEGES

Database, Data Exchange

Grants the ability to enable roles other than the owning role to access a shared database or manage a Snowflake Marketplace / Data Exchange.

INSERT

Table, hybrid table, Iceberg table

Grants the ability to execute an INSERT command on the table.

MANAGE ACCOUNT SUPPORT CASES

Global

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases for the current account in Snowsight.

MANAGE ACCOUNTS

Global

Grants the ability to manage the lifecycle of accounts in an organization.

MANAGE GRANTS

Global

Grants the ability to grant or revoke privileges on any object as if the invoking role were the owner of the object.

MANAGE LISTING AUTO FULFILLMENT

Global

Grants the ability to publish listings to remote regions using Cross-Cloud Auto-Fulfillment and manage auto-fulfillment settings for listings.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION CONTACTS

Global

Grants the ability to manage the contacts for an organization.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION SUPPORT CASES

Global

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases that were opened by the current user in Snowsight.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION TERMS

Global

Grants the ability to manage the legal terms for an organization.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION USER

Global

Grants the ability to manage organization users.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION USER GROUPS

Global

Grant the ability to manage organization user groups.

MANAGE SHARE TARGET

Global

Grants the ability to manage (ALTER) share targets.

MANAGE USER SUPPORT CASES

Global

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases for the current user in Snowsight.

MANAGE WAREHOUSES

Global

Grants the ability to perform operations that require the MODIFY, MONITOR, and OPERATE privileges on warehouses in the same account.

MODIFY

Resource Monitor, Warehouse, Data Exchange Listing, Database, Schema, Failover Group, Replication Group, Compute Pool

Grants the ability to change the settings or properties of an object (e.g. on a virtual warehouse, provides the ability to change the size of a virtual warehouse).

MODIFY LOG LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of log messages captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account. For more information, see LOG_LEVEL.

MODIFY METRIC LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of metrics data captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account. For more information, see METRIC_LEVEL.

MODIFY PROGRAMMATIC AUTHENTICATION METHODS

User

Grants the ability to create, modify, delete, rotate, and view information about the programmatic access tokens and key pairs for the user.

MODIFY SESSION LOG LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of log messages captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session. For more information, see LOG_LEVEL.

MODIFY SESSION METRIC LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of metrics data captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session. For more information, see METRIC_LEVEL.

MODIFY SESSION TRACE LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of trace events captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session. When tracing events, you must also set the LOG_LEVEL parameter to one of its supported values. For more information, see TRACE_LEVEL.

MODIFY TRACE LEVEL

Global

Enables setting the level of trace events captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account. When tracing events, you must also set the LOG_LEVEL parameter to one of its supported values. For more information, see TRACE_LEVEL.

MONITOR

User, Resource Monitor, Warehouse, Database, Schema, Task, Failover Group, Replication Group, Alert, Compute Pool, Service, Dynamic table

Grants the ability to see details within an object (e.g. queries and usage within a warehouse).

MONITOR EXECUTION

Global

Grants the ability to monitor pipes (Snowpipe) or tasks in the account.

MONITOR SECURITY

Global

Grants the ability to call system functions pertaining to Customer-managed keys.

MONITOR USAGE

Global

Grants the ability to monitor account-level usage and historical information for databases and warehouses; for more details, see Enabling non-account administrators to monitor usage and billing history in the Classic Console. Additionally grants the ability to view managed accounts using SHOW MANAGED ACCOUNTS.

OPERATE

Warehouse, Task, Dynamic table, Alert, Compute Pool. Service

Grants the ability to start, stop, suspend, or resume a virtual warehouse. Grants the ability to suspend or resume a task. Grants the ability to suspend, resume, or refresh a dynamic table. Grants the ability to suspend or resume a compute pool. Grants the ability to suspend or resume a Snowpark Container Services service, upgrade service, set, and unset service properties.

OWNERSHIP

All

Grants the ability to drop, alter, and grant or revoke access to an object. Required to rename an object and create a temporary object with the same name as the object itself. OWNERSHIP is a special privilege on an object that is automatically granted to the role that created the object, but can also be transferred using the GRANT OWNERSHIP command to a different role by the owning role or any role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege.

PURCHASE DATA EXCHANGE LISTING

Global

Grants the ability to purchase a paid listing.

READ

Stage (internal only), Compute Pool, Git Repository, Image Repository

Grants the ability to perform any operations that require reading from an internal stage (GET, LIST, COPY INTO

, etc.). Grants the ability to download an image from an image repository. READ privilege on stage and image repository is required to create a Snowpark Container services service.

READ SESSION

Global

Grants the ability to read session context.

REFERENCES

Table, event table, hybrid table, Iceberg table, external table, view, materialized view, semantic view

Grants the ability to view the structure of an object (but not the data). . . For tables, the privilege also grants the ability to reference the object as the unique/primary key table for a foreign key constraint.

REPLICATE

Global, Replication Group, Failover Group

At the account level, grants the ability to change the REPLICABLE_WITH_FAILOVER_GROUPS setting for databases and schemas. For replication groups and failover groups, grants the ability to refresh a secondary replication or failover group.

RESOLVE ALL

Global

Grants the ability to resolve all objects in the account, which outputs the object in the corresponding SHOW command.

SELECT

Table, hybrid table, Iceberg table, event table, external table, view, materialized view, semantic view, stream

Grants the ability to execute a SELECT statement on the table/view.

TRUNCATE

Table, hybrid table, event table, Iceberg table

Grants the ability to execute a TRUNCATE TABLE command on the table.

UPDATE

Table, hybrid table, Iceberg table

Grants the ability to execute an UPDATE command on the table.

USAGE

Warehouse, Dataset, Data Exchange Listing, Integration, Database, Schema, Stage (external only), File Format, Sequence, Stored Procedure, User-Defined Function, External Function, Compute Pool, Snapshot, Model

Grants the ability to execute a USE command on the object. Also grants the ability to execute a SHOW command on the object. Usage on a compute pool is required to create a Snowpark Container Services service. For models, USAGE grants the ability to run inference methods. It does not grant access to the model’s underlying artifacts.

WRITE

Stage (internal only), image repository, Git Repository

Grants the ability to perform any operations that require writing to an internal stage (PUT, REMOVE, COPY INTO , etc.). Grants the ability to upload an image to an image repository.

The remaining sections in this topic describe the specific privileges available for each type of object and their usage.

Global privileges (account-level privileges)¶

Privilege

Usage

Notes

APPLY AGGREGATION POLICY

Grants the ability to add and drop an aggregation policy on a table or view.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY AUTHENTICATION POLICY

Grants the ability to add or drop an authentication policy on the Snowflake account or a user in the Snowflake account.

APPLY CONTACT

Grants the ability to associate or detach a contact with an object.

APPLY FEATURE POLICY

Grants the ability to apply a feature policy for an account or on a specific object.

APPLY JOIN POLICY

Grants the ability to add and drop a join policy on a table or view.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY MASKING POLICY

Grants the ability to set a Column-level Security masking policy on a table or view column and to set a masking policy on a tag.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY ROW ACCESS POLICY

Grants the ability to add and drop a row access policy on a table or view.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY PACKAGES POLICY

Grants the ability to add or drop a packages policy on the Snowflake account.

APPLY PASSWORD POLICY

Grants the ability to add or drop a password policy on the Snowflake account or a user in the Snowflake account.

APPLY PRIVACY POLICY

Grants the ability to add and drop a privacy policy on a table or view.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY PROJECTION POLICY

Grants the ability to add and drop a projection policy on a table or view.

This global privilege also allows executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

APPLY SESSION POLICY

Grants the ability to set or unset a session policy on an account or user.

APPLY TAG

Grants the ability to add or drop a tag on a Snowflake object.

ATTACH POLICY

Grants the ability to activate a network policy by associating it with your account.

AUDIT

Grants the ability to set the ENABLE_UNREDACTED_QUERY_SYNTAX_ERROR and ENABLE_UNREDACTED_SECURE_OBJECT_ERROR user parameters.

BIND SERVICE ENDPOINT

Enables the ability to create a service that supports public endpoints. For more information about public endpoints, see Ingress: Using a service from outside Snowflake

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE ACCOUNT

Enables a data provider to create a new managed account (i.e. reader account). For more details, see Manage reader accounts.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE COMPUTE POOL

Enables creating a compute pool to run a Snowpark Container Services service.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE DATABASE

Enables creating a new database.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE EXTERNAL VOLUME

Enables creating a new external volume for Apache Icebergâ„¢ tables.

CREATE FEATURE POLICY

Enables creating a new feature policy.

CREATE FAILOVER GROUP

Enables creating a new failover group.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE REPLICATION GROUP

Enables creating a new replication group.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE ROLE

Enables creating a new role.

CREATE USER

Enables creating a new user.

CREATE DATA EXCHANGE LISTING

Enables creating a new Data Exchange listing.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE INTEGRATION

Enables creating a new catalog, notification, security, or storage integration.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE NETWORK POLICY

Enables creating a new network policy.

CREATE ORGANIZATION LISTING

Enables creating a new organization listing.

CREATE ORGANIZATION PROFILE

Enables creating a new organization profile.

CREATE ORGANIZATION USER

Enables creating a new organization user.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

CREATE ORGANIZATION USER GROUP

Enables creating a new organization user group.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

CREATE SHARE

Enables a data provider to create a new share. For more details, see Enable non-ACCOUNTADMIN roles to perform data sharing tasks.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

CREATE WAREHOUSE

Enables creating a new virtual warehouse.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

EXECUTE ALERT

Grants the ability to execute alerts owned by the role. For serverless alerts to run, the role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on the alert must also have the global EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT privilege.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

EXECUTE AUTO CLASSIFICATION

Grants the ability to set a classification profile on a schema to implement automatic sensitive data classification.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

EXECUTE DATA METRIC FUNCTION

Enables using serverless compute resources when calling a data metric function.

EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT

Grants the ability to create alerts that rely on serverless compute resources. Only required to create serverless alerts. The role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on a serverless alert must have both the EXECUTE MANAGED ALERT and the EXECUTE ALERT privilege for the alert to run.

EXECUTE MANAGED TASK

Grants the ability to create tasks that rely on serverless compute resources. Only required for serverless tasks. The role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on a task must have both the EXECUTE MANAGED TASK and the EXECUTE TASK privilege for the task to run.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

EXECUTE TASK

Grants the ability to run tasks owned by the role. For serverless tasks to run, the role that has the OWNERSHIP privilege on the task must also have the global EXECUTE MANAGED TASK privilege.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

IMPORT SHARE

Enables a data consumer to view shares shared with their account. Also grants the ability to create databases from shares; requires the global CREATE DATABASE privilege. For more details, see Enable non-ACCOUNTADMIN roles to perform data sharing tasks.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

IMPORT ORGANIZATION LISTING

Enables a provider to install a listing or to perform a query without installing the listing.

IMPORT ORGANIZATION USER GROUPS

Grants the ability to add an organization user group to a regular account, which imports users into the account.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

MANAGE ACCOUNTS

Grants the ability to manage the lifecycle of accounts (for example, creating and deleting).

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

MANAGE ACCOUNT SUPPORT CASES

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases for the current account in Snowsight.

MANAGE GRANTS

Enables granting or revoking privileges on objects for which the role is not the owner.

Must be granted by the SECURITYADMIN role (or higher).

MANAGE LISTING AUTO FULFILLMENT

Grants the ability to publish listings to remote regions using Cross-Cloud Auto-Fulfillment and manage auto-fulfillment settings for listings.

In the organization account, must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role. In all other accounts, must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role after that role has been delegated privileges by the ORGADMIN role.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION CONTACTS

Grants the ability to manage the contacts of an organization.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION SUPPORT CASES

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases that were opened by the current user in Snowsight.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION TERMS

Grants the ability to manage the legal terms for an organization.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION USER

Grants the ability to manage organization users.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

MANAGE ORGANIZATION USER GROUP

Grants the ability to manage organization user groups.

Must be granted by the GLOBALORGADMIN role in the organization account.

MANAGE SHARE TARGET

Grants the ability to manage (ALTER) share targets.

MANAGE USER SUPPORT CASES

Grants the ability to view, comment on, and manage all Support cases for the current user in Snowsight.

MANAGE WAREHOUSES

Grants the ability to perform operations that require MODIFY, MONITOR, and OPERATE privileges on warehouses in the same account.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

MODIFY LOG LEVEL

Enables setting the level of log messages captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account.

For more information, see LOG_LEVEL.

MODIFY METRIC LEVEL

Enables setting the level of metrics data captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account.

For more information, see METRIC_LEVEL.

MODIFY SESSION LOG LEVEL

Enables setting the level of log messages captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session.

For more information, see LOG_LEVEL.

MODIFY SESSION METRIC LEVEL

Enables setting the level of metrics data captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session.

For more information, see METRIC_LEVEL.

MODIFY TRACE LEVEL

Enables setting the level of trace events captured for stored procedures and UDFs in the current account.

When tracing events, you must also set the LOG_LEVEL parameter to one of its supported values. For more information, see TRACE_LEVEL.

MODIFY SESSION TRACE LEVEL

Enables setting the level of trace events captured for stored procedures and UDFs invoked in the current session.

When tracing events, you must also set the LOG_LEVEL parameter to one of its supported values. For more information, see TRACE_LEVEL.

MONITOR EXECUTION

Grants the ability to monitor any pipes or tasks in the account.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role. The USAGE privilege is also required on each database and schema that stores these objects.

MONITOR ON ACCOUNT

Grants the ability to describe connections, resolve any object and session, and show capacity groups, locks, login events, query history by warehouse, REST history events, task history, and transactions.

MONITOR SECURITY

Grants the ability to call system functions pertaining to Customer-managed keys.

MONITOR USAGE

Grants the ability to monitor account-level usage and historical information for databases and warehouses; for more details, see Enabling non-account administrators to monitor usage and billing history in the Classic Console. Additionally grants the ability to view managed accounts using SHOW MANAGED ACCOUNTS.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

OVERRIDE SHARE RESTRICTIONS

Grants the ability to set value for the SHARE_RESTRICTIONS parameter on a share which enables a Business Critical provider account to add a consumer account (with non-Business Critical edition) to a share.

For more details, see Enable sharing from a Business critical account to a non-business critical account.

PURCHASE DATA EXCHANGE LISTING

Grants the ability to purchase a paid listing.

See Paying for listings.

READ SESSION

Grants the ability to read session context.

Must be granted by the ACCOUNTADMIN role.

REPLICATE

Grants the ability to change the REPLICABLE_WITH_FAILOVER_GROUPS setting for databases and schemas.

RESOLVE ALL

Grants the ability to resolve all objects in the account, which outputs the object in the corresponding SHOW command.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all global privileges.

User privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY PROGRAMMATIC AUTHENTICATION METHODS

Grants the ability to create, modify, delete, rotate, and view information about the programmatic access tokens and key pairs for the user.

MONITOR

Grants the ability to view the login history for the user.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a user/role. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the user.

Role privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a role. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that the owner role does not inherit any permissions granted to the owned role. To inherit permissions from a role, that role must be granted to another role, creating a parent-child relationship in a role hierarchy.

Resource monitor privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY

Enables altering any properties of a resource monitor, such as changing the monthly credit quota.

MONITOR

Enables viewing a resource monitor.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the resource monitor.

Virtual warehouse privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a warehouse from a budget.

MODIFY

Enables altering any properties of a warehouse, including changing its size. . . Required to assign a warehouse to a resource monitor. Note that only the ACCOUNTADMIN role can assign warehouses to resource monitors.

MONITOR

Enables viewing current and past queries executed on a warehouse as well as usage statistics on that warehouse.

OPERATE

Enables changing the state of a warehouse (stop, start, suspend, resume). In addition, enables viewing current and past queries executed on a warehouse and aborting any executing queries.

USAGE

Enables using a virtual warehouse and, as a result, executing queries on the warehouse. If the warehouse is configured to auto-resume when a SQL statement (e.g. query) is submitted to it, the warehouse resumes automatically and executes the statement.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a warehouse. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the warehouse.

Tip

The granting of the global MANAGE WAREHOUSES privilege is equivalent to granting the MODIFY, MONITOR, and OPERATE privileges on all warehouses in an account. You can grant this privilege to a role whose purpose includes managing a warehouse to simplify your Snowflake access control management.

For details, refer to Delegating warehouse management.

For instructions on creating a custom role with a specified set of privileges, see Creating custom roles.

For general information about roles and privilege grants for performing SQL actions on securable objects, see Overview of Access Control.

Connection privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

FAILOVER

Grants the ability to promote a secondary connection to serve as the primary connection.

External volume privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

USAGE

Enables referencing the external volume when executing other commands that use the external volume, and grants the ability to view details for an external volume in a SHOW or DESCRIBE command.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over an external volume. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

Failover group privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY

Enables altering any properties of a failover group.

MONITOR

Enables viewing details of a failover group.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a failover group. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

FAILOVER

Enables promoting a secondary failover group to serve as primary failover group.

REPLICATE

Enables refreshing a secondary failover group.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the failover group.

Replication group privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY

Enables altering any properties of a replication group.

MONITOR

Enables viewing details of a replication group.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a replication group. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

REPLICATE

Enables refreshing a secondary replication group.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the replication group.

Integration privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

USAGE

Enables referencing the integration when executing other commands that use the integration. For more information, see access control requirements for CREATE STAGE and CREATE EXTERNAL ACCESS INTEGRATION.

USE_ANY_ROLE

Allows the External OAuth client or user to switch roles only if this privilege is granted to the client or user. Configure the External OAuth security integration to use the EXTERNAL_OAUTH_ANY_ROLE_MODE parameter using CREATE SECURITY INTEGRATION or ALTER SECURITY INTEGRATION.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over an integration. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the integration.

Authentication Policy privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Transfers ownership of an authentication policy, which grants full control over the authentication policy. Required to alter most properties of an authentication policy.

Network Rule privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the network rule.

Network policy privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the network policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

Packages policy privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Transfers ownership of a packages policy, which grants full control over the packages policy. Required to alter most properties of a packages policy.

USAGE

Grants the ability to view the contents of a packages policy in a SHOW or DESCRIBE command.

Password policy privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Transfers ownership of a password policy, which grants full control over the password policy. Required to alter most properties of a password policy.

Provisioned Throughput privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a provisioned throughput. Only one role at a time can hold this privilege on a specific object.

USE

Enables inference with a provisioned throughput.

MONITOR

Enables performing DESCRIBE and SHOW commands on a provisioned throughput.

Session policy privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Transfers ownership of a session policy, which grants full control over the session policy. Required to alter most properties of a session policy.

Data exchange privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

IMPORTED PRIVILEGES

Enables roles other than the owning role to manage a Data Exchange.

Listing privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY

Enables roles other than the owning role to modify a listing.

USAGE

Enables viewing a listing.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a listing. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a listing.

Organization profile privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

MODIFY

Enables roles other than the owning role to modify an organization profile.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over an organization profile. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

Share privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over a share. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Cannot be transferred.

Database privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a database from a budget.

MODIFY

Enables altering any settings of a database.

MONITOR

Enables performing the DESCRIBE command on the database.

USAGE

Enables using a database, including returning the database details in the SHOW DATABASES command output. Additional privileges are required to view or take actions on objects in a database.

REFERENCE_USAGE

Enables using an object (e.g. secure view in a share) when the object references another object in a different database. Grant the privilege on the other database to the share. You cannot grant this privilege on a database to any kind of role. For details, see GRANT … TO SHARE and Share data from multiple databases.

CREATE DATABASE ROLE

Enables creating a new database role in a database.

CREATE SCHEMA

Enables creating a new schema in a database, including cloning a schema.

IMPORTED PRIVILEGES

Enables roles other than the owning role to access a shared database; applies only to shared databases.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the database. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a database.

Note

  • Changing the properties of a database requires the OWNERSHIP privilege for the database.

    Updating the COMMENT property only requires the MODIFY privilege for the database.

  • If any database privilege is granted to a role, that role can take SQL actions on objects in a schema using fully-qualified names. The role must have the USAGE privilege on the schema as well as the required privilege or privileges on the object. To make a database the active database in a user session, the USAGE privilege on the database is required.

  • An account-level role (i.e. r1) with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the database can grant the CREATE DATABASE ROLE privilege to a different account-level role (i.e. r2). Similarly, r1 can also revoke the CREATE DATABASE ROLE privilege from another account-level role..

    In this scenario, r2 must have the USAGE privilege on the database to create a new database role in that database.

  • When you create a database role, the USAGE privilege on the database that contains the database role is automatically granted to the database role.

Schema privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a schema from a budget.

MODIFY

Enables altering any settings of a schema.

MONITOR

Enables performing the DESCRIBE command on the schema.

USAGE

Enables using a schema, including returning the schema details in the SHOW SCHEMAS command output. . . To execute SHOW commands for objects (tables, views, stages, file formats, sequences, pipes, or functions) in the schema, a role must have at least one privilege granted on the object.

CREATE AUTHENTICATION POLICY

Enables creating a new authentication policy in a schema.

CREATE CONTACT

Enables creating a new contact in a schema.

CREATE DATASET

Enables creating a new machine learning dataset in a schema.

CREATE DATA METRIC FUNCTION

Enables creating a new data metric function in a schema.

CREATE TABLE

Enables creating a new table in a schema, including by cloning. . . This privilege applies to both standard tables and hybrid tables. . . This privilege is not required to create temporary tables, which are scoped to the current user session and are automatically dropped when the session ends.

CREATE DYNAMIC TABLE

Enables creating a new dynamic table in a schema.

CREATE EVENT TABLE

Enables creating a new event table in a schema.

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE

Enables creating a new external table in a schema.

CREATE GIT REPOSITORY

Enables creating a new Git repository stage in a schema.

CREATE ICEBERG TABLE

Enables creating a new Iceberg table in a schema.

CREATE VIEW

Enables creating a new view in a schema.

CREATE MASKING POLICY

Enables creating a new masking policy in a schema.

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW

Enables creating a new materialized view in a schema.

CREATE NETWORK RULE

Enables creating a new network rule in a schema.

CREATE NOTEBOOK

Enables creating a new notebook in a schema.

CREATE ROW ACCESS POLICY

Enables creating a new row access policy in a schema.

CREATE SECRET

Enables creating a new secret in the current/specified schema or replaces an existing secret.

CREATE SEMANTIC VIEW

Enables creating a new semantic view in a schema.

CREATE SESSION POLICY

Enables creating a new session policy in a schema.

CREATE STAGE

Enables creating a new stage in a schema, including cloning a stage.

CREATE STREAMLIT

Enables creating a new Streamlit app in a schema.

CREATE FILE FORMAT

Enables creating a new file format in a schema, including cloning a file format.

CREATE SEQUENCE

Enables creating a new sequence in a schema, including cloning a sequence.

CREATE FUNCTION

Enables creating a new UDF or external function in a schema.

CREATE PACKAGES POLICY

Enables creating a new packages policy in a schema.

CREATE PASSWORD POLICY

Enables creating a new password policy in a schema.

CREATE PIPE

Enables creating a new pipe in a schema.

CREATE STREAM

Enables creating a new stream in a schema, including cloning a stream.

CREATE TAG

Enables creating a new tag key in a schema.

CREATE TASK

Enables creating a new task in a schema, including cloning a task.

CREATE PROCEDURE

Enables creating a new stored procedure in a schema.

CREATE ALERT

Enables creating a new alert in a schema.

CREATE CORTEX SEARCH SERVICE

Enables creating new Cortex search services on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.CORE.BUDGET

Enables creating new budget on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.DATA_PRIVACY.CLASSIFICATION_PROFILE

Enables creating new classification profile instances on a schema to implement automatic sensitive data classification.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.DATA_PRIVACY.CUSTOM_CLASSIFIER

Enables creating new custom classifier instances on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.ML.ANOMALY_DETECTION

Enables creating new anomaly detection model instances on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.ML.CLASSIFICATION

Enables creating new classification model instances on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.ML.FORECAST

Enables creating new forecast model instances on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.ML.TOP_INSIGHTS

Enables creating new Top Insights instances on a schema.

CREATE SNOWFLAKE.ML.DOCUMENT_INTELLIGENCE

Enables creating new Document AI model build instances on a schema.

CREATE MODEL

Enables creating a machine learning model on a schema.

CREATE MODEL MONITOR

Enables creating a model monitor on a schema.

CREATE IMAGE REPOSITORY

Enables creating a Snowpark Container Services image repository on a schema.

CREATE SERVICE

Enables creating a Snowpark Container Services service on a schema.

CREATE SNAPSHOT

Enables creating a Snowpark Container Services snapshot on a schema.

EXECUTE AUTO CLASSIFICATION

Grants the ability to set a classification profile on a schema in order to implement automatic sensitive data classification. Schema owner has this privilege by default.

ADD SEARCH OPTIMIZATION

Enables adding search optimization to a table in a schema.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the schema. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a schema.

Note

  • Changing the properties of a schema, including comments, requires the OWNERSHIP privilege for the database.

  • Operating on a schema also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database.

Table privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a table and classifying a table.

INSERT

Enables executing an INSERT command on a table. Also enables using the ALTER TABLE command with a RECLUSTER clause to manually recluster a table with a clustering key.

UPDATE

Enables executing an UPDATE command on a table.

TRUNCATE

Enables executing a TRUNCATE TABLE command on a table.

DELETE

Enables executing a DELETE command on a table.

EVOLVE SCHEMA

Enables schema evolution to occur on a table when loading data.

REFERENCES

Enables referencing a table as the unique/primary key table for a foreign key constraint. Also enables viewing the structure of a table (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a table from a budget.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the table. Required to alter most properties of a table, with the exception of reclustering. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a table.

Note

  • Operating on a table also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • A role must be granted or inherit the OWNERSHIP privilege on the object to create a temporary object that has the same name as the object that already exists in the schema.

Dynamic table privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a dynamic table. The SELECT privilege on a dynamic table allows you to view it in the output of the SHOW DYNAMIC TABLES command.

If you have the SELECT privilege but don’t have the MONITOR privilege, the following fields are hidden: text, warehouse, scheduling_state, last_suspended_on, and suspend_reason_code (only hidden in Snowsight).

OPERATE

Enables altering the properties of a dynamic table.

If you do not have this privilege on a dynamic table, you can’t use the ALTER DYNAMIC TABLE command, which enables you to:

Additionally, if you lack this privilege on a dynamic table, you cannot execute CREATE DYNAMIC TABLE ... INITIALIZE = ON_CREATE to create a new dynamic table that consumes from it.

MONITOR

Enables accessing the metadata for a dynamic table through Snowsight and SQL commands and functions.

While the OPERATE privilege grants this access, it also includes the capability to alter dynamic tables, making MONITOR the more suitable option for scenarios where a user does not need to alter a dynamic table. For example, roles held by data scientists.

If you have the MONITOR privilege on a dynamic table, you can do the following:

  • Call the DYNAMIC_TABLE_GRAPH_HISTORY table function to view graph history of that dynamic table.

  • Call the DYNAMIC_TABLE_REFRESH_HISTORY table function to view refresh history for that dynamic table.

  • View that dynamic table in the output of the SHOW DYNAMIC TABLES command.

  • View that dynamic table’s metadata in the output of the DESCRIBE DYNAMIC TABLE command or the Snowsight dynamic tables details page.

    • If you have the SELECT privilege but don’t have the MONITOR privilege, the following fields are hidden: text, warehouse, scheduling_state, last_suspended_on, and suspend_reason_code (only hidden in Snowsight).

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the dynamic table. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

Required to drop a dynamic table.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the dynamic table.

Event table privileges¶

Some privileges typically supported for tables are disallowed on event tables (and as a result aren’t listed here) because the event table structure is predefined and immutable.

Privilege

Usage

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the event table.

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing an event table from a budget.

DELETE

Enables executing a DELETE command on an event table.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the event table. Required to alter the event table. In conjunction with OWNERSHIP of the account, grants the ability to associate an account with an event table.

REFERENCES

Grants the ability to view the structure of an event table (but not the data).

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on an event table.

TRUNCATE

Enables executing a TRUNCATE TABLE command on the event table.

Note

Operating on an event table also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

External table privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on an external table and classifying an external table.

REFERENCES

Enables viewing the structure of an external table (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the external table; required to refresh an external table. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on an external table.

Note

Operating on an external table also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

Hybrid table privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a hybrid table.

INSERT

Enables executing an INSERT command on a hybrid table.

UPDATE

Enables executing an UPDATE command on a hybrid table.

TRUNCATE

Enables executing a TRUNCATE TABLE command on a hybrid table.

DELETE

Enables executing a DELETE command on a hybrid table.

REFERENCES

Enables referencing a hybrid table as the unique/primary key table for a foreign key constraint. Also enables viewing the structure of a hybrid table (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a hybrid table from a budget.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the hybrid table. Required to alter most properties of a hybrid table. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a hybrid table.

Note

  • Operating on a hybrid table also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • The following privileges have no effect when granted on a hybrid table that uses a catalog integration: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE. Hybrid tables that use a catalog integration are read-only.

Iceberg table privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on an Iceberg table.

INSERT

Enables executing an INSERT command on an Iceberg table.

UPDATE

Enables executing an UPDATE command on an Iceberg table.

TRUNCATE

Enables executing a TRUNCATE TABLE command on an Iceberg table.

DELETE

Enables executing a DELETE command on an Iceberg table.

REFERENCES

Enables referencing an Iceberg table as the unique/primary key table for a foreign key constraint. Also enables viewing the structure of an Iceberg table (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing an Iceberg table from a budget.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the Iceberg table. Required to alter most properties of an Iceberg table. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on an Iceberg table.

Note

  • Operating on an Iceberg table also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • The following privileges have no effect when granted on an Iceberg table that uses an external catalog: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE. Iceberg tables that use an external catalog are read-only.

View privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a view and classifying a view. . . This privilege is sufficient to query a view; the SELECT privilege is not required on the objects from which the view is created.

REFERENCES

Enables viewing the structure of a view (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the view. Required to alter a view. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a view.

Note

  • Table DML privileges such as INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE can be granted on views; however, because views are read-only, these privileges have no effect.

  • Operating on a view also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • A role must be granted or inherit the OWNERSHIP privilege on the object to create a temporary object that has the same name as the object that already exists in the schema.

Materialized view privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a view and classifying a materialized view. . . Note that this privilege is sufficient to query a view. The SELECT privilege is not required on the underlying objects for a view.

REFERENCES

Enables viewing the structure of a view (but not the data) via the DESCRIBE or SHOW command or by querying the Information Schema.

APPLYBUDGET

Enables adding or removing a materialized view from a budget.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the view. Required to alter a view. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a view.

Note

  • Table DML privileges such as INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE can be granted on views; however, because views are read-only, these privileges have no effect.

  • Operating on a view also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • A role must be granted or inherit the OWNERSHIP privilege on the object to create a temporary object that has the same name as the object that already exists in the schema.

Semantic view privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

SELECT

Enables executing a SELECT statement on a semantic view. . . This privilege is sufficient to query a semantic view; the SELECT privilege is not required on the objects from which the semantic view is created. . . Also enables executing DESCRIBE SEMANTIC VIEW for the semantic view.

REFERENCES

Enables viewing the structure of a semantic view (but not the data) by querying the Information Schema views that provide information about the semantic view or by executing a DESCRIBE or SHOW command. This includes the DESCRIBE and SHOW commands for the underlying entities, calculations and relationships.

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the semantic view. Required to replace a view. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on a semantic view.

Note

Operating on a semantic view also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

Notebook privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the notebook. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

Stage privileges¶

Privilege

Usage

USAGE

Enables using an external stage object in a SQL statement and includes the READ and WRITE privileges; not applicable to internal stages.

READ

Enables performing any operations that require reading from a stage (for example, file staging commands and COPY INTO

).

WRITE

Enables performing any operations that require writing to a stage (for example, file staging commands and COPY INTO ).

OWNERSHIP

Grants full control over the stage. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

Grants all applicable privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the stage (internal or external).

Note

  • When granting both the READ and WRITE privileges for a stage, the READ privilege must be granted before or at the same time as the WRITE privilege.

  • When revoking both the READ and WRITE privileges for a stage, the WRITE privilege must be revoked before or at the same time as the READ privilege.

  • Operating on a stage also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

  • To run the following commands on an external stage that uses a storage integration, you must use a role that has been granted or inherits the USAGE privilege on the storage integration (unless the stage-owning role has this privilege):

    • LIST

    • REMOVE

    • COPY INTO

    • COPY INTO

    • A role must be granted or inherit the OWNERSHIP privilege on the object to create a temporary object that has the same name as the object that already exists in the schema.

      • Directory table privileges¶

      The following table summarizes the stage privileges that you need to execute common SQL commands when you work with a directory table on a stage.

      Operation

      Object Type

      Privilege Required

      Retrieve file URLs from a directory table using a SELECT FROM DIRECTORY statement.

      Stage

      One of the following, depending on the type of stage:

      • Internal stage: An account role or database role with the READ privilege on the stage.

      • External stage: An account role or database role with either the READ or USAGE privilege on the stage.

      Upload data using the PUT command.

      Stage (internal only)

      An account role or database role with the WRITE privilege on the stage.

      Remove files using the REMOVE command.

      Stage

      One of the following, depending on the type of stage:

      • Internal stage: An account role or database role with the WRITE privilege on the stage.

      • External stage: An account role or database role with either the WRITE or USAGE privilege on the stage.

      Refresh the metadata using the ALTER STAGE command.

      Stage

      One of the following, depending on the type of stage:

      • Internal stage: An account role or database role with the WRITE privilege on the stage.

      • External stage: An account role or database role with either the WRITE or USAGE privilege on the stage.

      Snowflake Git repository clone privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      READ

      Enables performing any operations that require reading from a Git repository clone.

      WRITE

      Enables performing operations that require writing to a Git repository clone, such as changing the object’s properties or performing a FETCH from the remote repository.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the Git repository clone. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all applicable privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the Git repository clone.

      File format privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables using a file format in a SQL statement.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the file format. Required to alter a file format. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the file format.

      Note

      • Operating on file formats also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      • A role must be granted or inherit the OWNERSHIP privilege on the object to create a temporary object that has the same name as the object that already exists in the schema.

      Pipe privileges¶

      Pipe objects are created and managed to load data using Snowpipe.

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLYBUDGET

      Enables adding or removing a pipe from a budget.

      MONITOR

      Enables viewing details for the pipe (using DESCRIBE PIPE or SHOW PIPES).

      OPERATE

      Enables viewing details for the pipe (using DESCRIBE PIPE or SHOW PIPES), pausing or resuming the pipe, and refreshing the pipe.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the pipe. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the pipe.

      Note

      Operating on pipes also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Database role privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over a database role. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that the owner role does not inherit any permissions granted to the owned database role. To inherit permissions from a database role, that database role must be granted to another role, creating a parent-child relationship in a role hierarchy.

      Stream privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      SELECT

      Enables executing a SELECT statement on a stream, which also allows you to view the stream in the output of the SHOW STREAMS command. To view the table_name and base_tables columns, you need at least one access privilege on the stream’s source object.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the stream. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the stream.

      Task privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLYBUDGET

      Enables adding or removing a task from a budget.

      MONITOR

      Enables viewing details for the task (using DESCRIBE TASK or SHOW TASKS).

      OPERATE

      Enables viewing details for the task (using DESCRIBE TASK or SHOW TASKS) and resuming or suspending the task.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the task. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the task.

      Secret privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      READ

      Enables a UDF or stored procedure that uses a secret to access the credentials the are stored in the secret. For details, see Creating a secret to represent credentials.

      USAGE

      Enables using a secret.

      OWNERSHIP

      Transfers ownership of a secret, which grants full control over the secret. Required to alter most properties of a secret or drop a secret from the system.

      Aggregation policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the unset and set operations for an aggregation policy on a table or view.

      Note that granting the global APPLY AGGREGATION POLICY privilege (i.e. APPLY AGGREGATION POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the aggregation policy. Required to alter most properties of an aggregation policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on an aggregation policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Join policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the unset and set operations for a join policy on a table or view.

      Note that granting the global APPLY JOIN POLICY privilege (i.e. APPLY JOIN POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the join policy. Required to alter most properties of a join policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a join policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Masking policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the unset and set operations for a masking policy on a column.

      Note that granting the global APPLY MASKING POLICY privilege (i.e. APPLY MASKING POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      For syntax examples, see Masking policy privileges.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the masking policy. Required to alter most properties of a masking policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a masking policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Privacy policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the unset and set operations for a privacy policy on a table or view.

      Note that granting the global APPLY PRIVACY POLICY privilege (that is, APPLY PRIVACY POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the privacy policy. Required to alter most properties of a privacy policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a privacy policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Projection policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the unset and set operations for a projection policy on a column.

      Note that granting the global APPLY PROJECTION POLICY privilege (i.e. APPLY PROJECTION POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the projection policy. Required to alter most properties of a projection policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a projection policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Row access policy privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the add and drop operations for the row access policy on a table or view.

      Note that granting the global APPLY ROW ACCESS POLICY privilege (i.e. APPLY ROW ACCESS POLICY on ACCOUNT) enables executing the DESCRIBE operation on tables and views.

      For syntax examples, see Summary of DDL commands, operations, and privileges.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the row access policy. Required to alter most properties of a row access policy. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a row access policy also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Tag privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables executing the add and drop operations for the tag on a Snowflake object.

      READ

      Enables a data sharing consumer to view shared tag assignments using a SHOW TAGS command. The data sharing provider grants this privilege to a database role or directly to the share.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the tag. Required to alter most properties of a tag. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Tags are stored at the schema level.

      Operating on a tag requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Sequence privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables using a sequence in a SQL statement.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the sequence.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the sequence; required to alter the sequence. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      Operating on a sequence also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      Stored procedure privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables calling a stored procedure.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the stored procedure.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the stored procedure; required to alter the stored procedure. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      User-defined function (UDF) and external function privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables calling a UDF or external function.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the UDF or external function.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the UDF or external function; required to alter the UDF or external function. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Note

      • Operating on a UDF or external function also requires the USAGE privilege on the parent database and schema.

      • The owner of a UDF must have privileges on the objects accessed by the function; the user who calls a UDF does not need those privileges. For details, see Security/privilege requirements for SQL UDFs.

      • The owner of an external function must have the USAGE privilege on the API integration object associated with the external function. For details, see Access control in the documentation on external functions.

      Data metric function (DMF) privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables calling the DMF.

      OWNERSHIP

      Transfers ownership of the data metric function, which grants full control over the data metric function. Required to alter most properties of the data metric function.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the DMF.

      Alert privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      MONITOR

      Enables viewing details for the alert (using DESCRIBE ALERT or SHOW ALERTS).

      OPERATE

      Enables viewing details for the alert (using DESCRIBE ALERT or SHOW ALERTS) and resuming or suspending the alert (using ALTER ALERT).

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the alert. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the alert.

      Compute Pool privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OPERATE

      Enables suspending or resuming a compute pool.

      MODIFY

      Enables altering compute pool and setting properties.

      USAGE

      Enables running a service or a job. It enables communicating with the service (create a service function, use public endpoints, and connect from another service).

      MONITOR

      Enables viewing compute pool usage (number of services and jobs running), properties, and listing compute pool in the account for which the role has access privileges.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the compute pool. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific compute pool object at a time.

      Image Repository privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the image repository. The role with this privilege can also delete an image repository.

      READ

      Enable listing and downloading images from an image repository.

      WRITE

      Enables listing and downloading images from a repository. Also enables pushing images in the repository.

      Service privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OPERATE

      Enable suspending or resuming a service, upgrading service, and modifying service properties.

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the service. The role with this privilege can also remove a service from a schema.

      MONITOR

      Enable monitoring a service and getting runtime status.

      Cortex Search Service privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the Cortex Search service. The role with this privilege can also remove a service from a schema.

      OPERATE

      Enables inspecting, suspending or resuming a Cortex Search service and modifying service properties.

      USAGE

      Enables invoking the service.

      ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

      Grants all privileges, except OWNERSHIP, on the service.

      Snapshot privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the snapshot. The role with this privilege can also remove a snapshot from a schema.

      USAGE

      Enables listing and describing snapshots.

      Streamlit privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      USAGE

      Enables viewing and running a Streamlit app.

      Model privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the model. Only one role at a time can hold this privilege on a given model.

      USAGE

      Enables displaying information about a model and invoking its methods. It does not allow users to see model weights or the artifacts that define the model. This privilege is also supported ON FUTURE MODELS.

      Application package privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      ATTACH LISTING

      Associates a listing with an application package or share.

      Contact privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      APPLY

      Enables the ability to associate and detach a contact with a Snowflake object.

      MODIFY

      Enables the ability to modify a contact.

      OWNERSHIP

      Grants full control over the contact. Required to alter most properties of a contact. Only a single role can hold this privilege on a specific object at a time. Note that in a managed access schema, only the schema owner (i.e. the role with the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema) or a role with the MANAGE GRANTS privilege can grant or revoke privileges on objects in the schema, including future grants.

      Dataset privileges¶

      Privilege

      Usage

      OWNERSHIP

      Enables full control over the dataset.

      USAGE

      Enables displaying information about a dataset and invoking its methods.