YouTube Player API Reference for iframe Embeds

La API del reproductor IFrame permite insertar un reproductor de video de YouTube en un sitio web y controlar el reproductor con JavaScript.

Mediante el uso de las funciones JavaScript de la API puedes poner videos en cola para su reproducción, reproducir, pausar o detener los videos, ajustar el volumen del reproductor o recuperar la información sobre el video en reproducción. También puedes agregar objetos de escucha de eventos que se ejecutarán en respuesta a ciertos eventos del reproductor, como un cambio de estado del reproductor.

En esta guía, se explica cómo usar la API de IFrame. Identifica los diferentes tipos de eventos que puede enviar la API y explica cómo escribir objetos de escucha de eventos para responder a ellos. También se detallan las diferentes funciones de JavaScript que es posible invocar para controlar el reproductor de video, así como los parámetros del reproductor que se pueden utilizar para personalizar el reproductor.

Requisitos

El navegador del usuario debe admitir la función postMessage de HTML5. La mayoría de los navegadores modernos son compatibles con postMessage.

Los reproductores insertados deben tener una ventana gráfica de al menos 200 px por 200 px. Si el reproductor muestra controles, debe tener el tamaño suficiente para mostrar los controles por completo, sin reducir la ventana gráfica por debajo del tamaño mínimo. Recomendamos que los reproductores de 16:9 tengan al menos 480 píxeles de ancho y 270 píxeles de alto.

Cualquier página web que utilice la API de IFrame también debe implementar la siguiente función de JavaScript:

  • onYouTubeIframeAPIReady: La API llamará a esta función cuando la página termine de descargar el código JavaScript para la API del reproductor, lo que te permitirá usar la API en tu página. Por lo tanto, esta función podrá crear los objetos del reproductor que deseas mostrar cuando se cargue la página.

Introducción

La página HTML de ejemplo que se muestra a continuación crea un reproductor insertado que carga un video, lo reproduce durante seis segundos y luego detiene la reproducción. Los comentarios numerados en el código HTML se explican en la lista posterior al ejemplo.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <body>
    <!-- 1. The <iframe> (and video player) will replace this <div> tag. -->
    <div id="player"></div>

    <script>
      // 2. This code loads the IFrame Player API code asynchronously.
      var tag = document.createElement('script');

      tag.src = "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api";
      var firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
      firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);

      // 3. This function creates an <iframe> (and YouTube player)
      //    after the API code downloads.
      var player;
      function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() {
        player = new YT.Player('player', {
          height: '390',
          width: '640',
          videoId: 'M7lc1UVf-VE',
          playerVars: {
            'playsinline': 1
          },
          events: {
            'onReady': onPlayerReady,
            'onStateChange': onPlayerStateChange
          }
        });
      }

      // 4. The API will call this function when the video player is ready.
      function onPlayerReady(event) {
        event.target.playVideo();
      }

      // 5. The API calls this function when the player's state changes.
      //    The function indicates that when playing a video (state=1),
      //    the player should play for six seconds and then stop.
      var done = false;
      function onPlayerStateChange(event) {
        if (event.data == YT.PlayerState.PLAYING && !done) {
          setTimeout(stopVideo, 6000);
          done = true;
        }
      }
      function stopVideo() {
        player.stopVideo();
      }
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

La siguiente lista ofrece más detalles sobre el ejemplo anterior:

  1. La etiqueta

    de esta sección identifica la ubicación en la página donde la API de IFrame colocará el reproductor de video. El constructor del objeto del reproductor, que se describe en la sección Cómo cargar un reproductor de video, identifica la etiqueta
    por su id para garantizar que la API coloque el

    En este ejemplo, se usa el siguiente código:

    <iframe id="existing-iframe-example"
        width="640" height="360"
        src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/M7lc1UVf-VE?enablejsapi=1"
        frameborder="0"
        style="border: solid 4px #37474F"
></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript">
  var tag = document.createElement('script');
  tag.id = 'iframe-demo';
  tag.src = 'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api';
  var firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
  firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);

  var player;
  function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() {
    player = new YT.Player('existing-iframe-example', {
        events: {
          'onReady': onPlayerReady,
          'onStateChange': onPlayerStateChange
        }
    });
  }
  function onPlayerReady(event) {
    document.getElementById('existing-iframe-example').style.borderColor = '#FF6D00';
  }
  function changeBorderColor(playerStatus) {
    var color;
    if (playerStatus == -1) {
      color = "#37474F"; // unstarted = gray
    } else if (playerStatus == 0) {
      color = "#FFFF00"; // ended = yellow
    } else if (playerStatus == 1) {
      color = "#33691E"; // playing = green
    } else if (playerStatus == 2) {
      color = "#DD2C00"; // paused = red
    } else if (playerStatus == 3) {
      color = "#AA00FF"; // buffering = purple
    } else if (playerStatus == 5) {
      color = "#FF6DOO"; // video cued = orange
    }
    if (color) {
      document.getElementById('existing-iframe-example').style.borderColor = color;
    }
  }
  function onPlayerStateChange(event) {
    changeBorderColor(event.data);
  }
</script>

  2. Ejemplo 2: Reproducción alta

    En este ejemplo se crea un reproductor de video de 1280 píxeles por 720 píxeles. Luego, el objeto de escucha de eventos para el evento onReady llama a la función setVolume para ajustar el volumen al parámetro de configuración más alto.

    function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() {
  var player;
  player = new YT.Player('player', {
    width: 1280,
    height: 720,
    videoId: 'M7lc1UVf-VE',
    events: {
      'onReady': onPlayerReady,
      'onStateChange': onPlayerStateChange,
      'onError': onPlayerError
    }
  });
}

function onPlayerReady(event) {
  event.target.setVolume(100);
  event.target.playVideo();
}

  3. Ejemplo 3: En este ejemplo, se establecen parámetros del reproductor para que reproduzca automáticamente el video cuando se cargue y oculte los controles del reproductor de video. También agrega objetos de escucha de eventos para varios eventos que transmite la API.

    function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() {
  var player;
  player = new YT.Player('player', {
    videoId: 'M7lc1UVf-VE',
    playerVars: { 'autoplay': 1, 'controls': 0 },
    events: {
      'onReady': onPlayerReady,
      'onStateChange': onPlayerStateChange,
      'onError': onPlayerError
    }
  });
}

    4. Cómo controlar videos en 360°

    En este ejemplo, se usa el siguiente código:

    <style>
  .current-values {
    color: #666;
    font-size: 12px;
  }
</style>
<!-- The player is inserted in the following div element -->
<div id="spherical-video-player"></div>

<!-- Display spherical property values and enable user to update them. -->
<table style="border: 0; width: 640px;">
  <tr style="background: #fff;">
    <td>
      <label for="yaw-property">yaw: </label>
      <input type="text" id="yaw-property" style="width: 80px"><br>
      <div id="yaw-current-value" class="current-values"> </div>
    </td>
    <td>
      <label for="pitch-property">pitch: </label>
      <input type="text" id="pitch-property" style="width: 80px"><br>
      <div id="pitch-current-value" class="current-values"> </div>
    </td>
    <td>
      <label for="roll-property">roll: </label>
      <input type="text" id="roll-property" style="width: 80px"><br>
      <div id="roll-current-value" class="current-values"> </div>
    </td>
    <td>
      <label for="fov-property">fov: </label>
      <input type="text" id="fov-property" style="width: 80px"><br>
      <div id="fov-current-value" class="current-values"> </div>
    </td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;">
      <button id="spherical-properties-button">Update properties</button>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>

<script type="text/javascript">
  var tag = document.createElement('script');
  tag.id = 'iframe-demo';
  tag.src = 'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api';
  var firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
  firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);

  var PROPERTIES = ['yaw', 'pitch', 'roll', 'fov'];
  var updateButton = document.getElementById('spherical-properties-button');

  // Create the YouTube Player.
  var ytplayer;
  function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() {
    ytplayer = new YT.Player('spherical-video-player', {
        height: '360',
        width: '640',
        videoId: 'FAtdv94yzp4',
    });
  }

  // Don't display current spherical settings because there aren't any.
  function hideCurrentSettings() {
    for (var p = 0; p < PROPERTIES.length; p++) {
      document.getElementById(PROPERTIES[p] + '-current-value').innerHTML = '';
    }
  }

  // Retrieve current spherical property values from the API and display them.
  function updateSetting() {
    if (!ytplayer || !ytplayer.getSphericalProperties) {
      hideCurrentSettings();
    } else {
      let newSettings = ytplayer.getSphericalProperties();
      if (Object.keys(newSettings).length === 0) {
        hideCurrentSettings();
      } else {
        for (var p = 0; p < PROPERTIES.length; p++) {
          if (newSettings.hasOwnProperty(PROPERTIES[p])) {
            currentValueNode = document.getElementById(PROPERTIES[p] +
                                                       '-current-value');
            currentValueNode.innerHTML = ('current: ' +
                newSettings[PROPERTIES[p]].toFixed(4));
          }
        }
      }
    }
    requestAnimationFrame(updateSetting);
  }
  updateSetting();

  // Call the API to update spherical property values.
  updateButton.onclick = function() {
    var sphericalProperties = {};
    for (var p = 0; p < PROPERTIES.length; p++) {
      var propertyInput = document.getElementById(PROPERTIES[p] + '-property');
      sphericalProperties[PROPERTIES[p]] = parseFloat(propertyInput.value);
    }
    ytplayer.setSphericalProperties(sphericalProperties);
  }
</script>

    Integración de la API de Media Integrity de WebView de Android

    YouTube amplió la API de Android WebView Media Integrity para permitir que los reproductores multimedia incorporados, incluidos los reproductores de YouTube incorporados en aplicaciones para Android, verifiquen la autenticidad de la app de incorporación. Con este cambio, las apps de incorporación envían automáticamente un ID de app certificado a YouTube. Los datos recopilados a través del uso de esta API son los metadatos de la app (el nombre del paquete, el número de versión y el certificado de firma) y un token de certificación del dispositivo generado por los Servicios de Google Play.

    Los datos se usan para verificar la integridad de la aplicación y del dispositivo. Está encriptada, no se comparte con terceros y se borra después de un período de retención fijo. Los desarrolladores de apps pueden configurar la identidad de su app en la API de WebView Media Integrity. La configuración admite una opción de rechazo.

    Historial de revisión

    June 24, 2024

    The documentation has been updated to note that YouTube has extended the Android WebView Media Integrity API to enable embedded media players, including YouTube player embeds in Android applications, to verify the embedding app's authenticity. With this change, embedding apps automatically send an attested app ID to YouTube.

    November 20, 2023

    The new onAutoplayBlocked event API is now available. This event notifies your application if the browser blocks autoplay or scripted playback. Verification of autoplay success or failure is an established paradigm for HTMLMediaElements, and the onAutoplayBlocked event now provides similar functionality for the IFrame Player API.

    April 27, 2021

    The Getting Started and Loading a Video Player sections have been updated to include examples of using a playerVars object to customize the player.

    October 13, 2020

    Note: This is a deprecation announcement for the embedded player functionality that lets you configure the player to load search results. This announcement affects the IFrame Player API's queueing functions for lists, cuePlaylist and loadPlaylist.

    This change will become effective on or after 15 November 2020. After that time, calls to the cuePlaylist or loadPlaylist functions that set the listType property to search will generate a 4xx response code, such as 404 (Not Found) or 410 (Gone). This change also affects the list property for those functions as that property no longer supports the ability to specify a search query.

    As an alternative, you can use the YouTube Data API's search.list method to retrieve search results and then load selected videos in the player.

    October 24, 2019

    The documentation has been updated to reflect the fact that the API no longer supports functions for setting or retrieving playback quality. As explained in this YouTube Help Center article, to give you the best viewing experience, YouTube adjusts the quality of your video stream based on your viewing conditions.

    The changes explained below have been in effect for more than one year. This update merely aligns the documentation with current functionality:

    • The getPlaybackQuality, setPlaybackQuality, and getAvailableQualityLevels functions are no longer supported. In particular, calls to setPlaybackQuality will be no-op functions, meaning they will not actually have any impact on the viewer's playback experience.
    • The queueing functions for videos and playlists -- cueVideoById, loadVideoById, etc. -- no longer support the suggestedQuality argument. Similarly, if you call those functions using object syntax, the suggestedQuality field is no longer supported. If suggestedQuality is specified, it will be ignored when the request is handled. It will not generate any warnings or errors.
    • The onPlaybackQualityChange event is still supported and might signal a change in the viewer's playback environment. See the Help Center article referenced above for more information about factors that affect playback conditions or that might cause the event to fire.

    May 16, 2018

    The API now supports features that allow users (or embedders) to control the viewing perspective for 360° videos:

    • The getSphericalProperties function retrieves the current orientation for the video playback. The orientation includes the following data:
      • yaw - represents the horizontal angle of the view in degrees, which reflects the extent to which the user turns the view to face further left or right
      • pitch - represents the vertical angle of the view in degrees, which reflects the extent to which the user adjusts the view to look up or down
      • roll - represents the rotational angle (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the view in degrees.
      • fov - represents the field-of-view of the view in degrees, which reflects the extent to which the user zooms in or out on the video.
    • The setSphericalProperties function modifies the view to match the submitted property values. In addition to the orientation values described above, this function supports a Boolean field that indicates whether the IFrame embed should respond to DeviceOrientationEvents on supported mobile devices.

    This example demonstrates and lets you test these new features.

    June 19, 2017

    This update contains the following changes:

    • Documentation for the YouTube Flash Player API and YouTube JavaScript Player API has been removed and redirected to this document. The deprecation announcement for the Flash and JavaScript players was made on January 27, 2015. If you haven't done so already, please migrate your applications to use IFrame embeds and the IFrame Player API.

    August 11, 2016

    This update contains the following changes:

    • The newly published YouTube API Services Terms of Service ("the Updated Terms"), discussed in detail on the YouTube Engineering and Developers Blog, provides a rich set of updates to the current Terms of Service. In addition to the Updated Terms, which will go into effect as of February 10, 2017, this update includes several supporting documents to help explain the policies that developers must follow.

      The full set of new documents is described in the revision history for the Updated Terms. In addition, future changes to the Updated Terms or to those supporting documents will also be explained in that revision history. You can subscribe to an RSS feed listing changes in that revision history from a link in that document.

    June 29, 2016

    This update contains the following changes:

    • The documentation has been corrected to note that the onApiChange method provides access to the captions module and not the cc module.

    June 24, 2016

    The Examples section has been updated to include an example that demonstrates how to use the API with an existing tag since the onYouTubeIframeAPIReady function is only called if the closing element is present.

    August 6, 2012

    This update contains the following changes:

    • The Operations section has been expanded to list all of the supported API functions rather than linking to the JavaScript Player API Reference for that list.

    • The API supports several new functions and one new event that can be used to control the video playback speed:

      • Functions

        • getAvailablePlaybackRates – Retrieve the supported playback rates for the cued or playing video. Note that variable playback rates are currently only supported in the HTML5 player.
        • getPlaybackRate – Retrieve the playback rate for the cued or playing video.
        • setPlaybackRate – Set the playback rate for the cued or playing video.

      • Events

    July 19, 2012

    This update contains the following changes:

    • The new getVideoLoadedFraction method replaces the now-deprecated getVideoBytesLoaded and getVideoBytesTotal methods. The new method returns the percentage of the video that the player shows as buffered.

    • The onError event may now return an error code of 5, which indicates that the requested content cannot be played in an HTML5 player or another error related to the HTML5 player has occurred.

    • The Requirements section has been updated to indicate that any web page using the IFrame API must also implement the onYouTubeIframeAPIReady function. Previously, the section indicated that the required function was named onYouTubePlayerAPIReady. Code samples throughout the document have also been updated to use the new name.

      Note: To ensure that this change does not break existing implementations, both names will work. If, for some reason, your page has an onYouTubeIframeAPIReady function and an onYouTubePlayerAPIReady function, both functions will be called, and the onYouTubeIframeAPIReady function will be called first.

    • The code sample in the Getting started section has been updated to reflect that the URL for the IFrame Player API code has changed to http://www.youtube.com/iframe_api. To ensure that this change does not affect existing implementations, the old URL (http://www.youtube.com/player_api) will continue to work.

    July 16, 2012

    This update contains the following changes:

    • The Operations section now explains that the API supports the setSize() and destroy() methods. The setSize() method sets the size in pixels of the