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  1. References
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  3. Reference
  4. Elements
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In this article

  • Try it
  • Attributes
  • Accessibility
  • Examples
  • Styling paragraphs
  • Technical summary
  • Specifications
  • Browser compatibility
  • See also
  1. HTML
  2. Guides
  3. Content categories
  4. Comments
  5. Date and time formats
  6. Constraint validation
  7. Viewport meta element
  8. Responsive images
  9. Microdata
  10. Microformats
  11. Quirks and standards modes
  12. HTML cheatsheet
  13. How to
  14. Define terms with HTML
  15. Use data attributes
  16. Use cross-origin images
  17. Add a hitmap on top of an image
  18. Author fast-loading HTML pages
  19. Add JavaScript
  20. Reference
  21. Elements
    1. Deprecated
    2. Deprecated

    3. Deprecated
    4. Deprecated
    5. Experimental
    6. Deprecated
    7. Deprecated
    8. Deprecated

Styling paragraphs

By default, browsers separate paragraphs with a single blank line. Alternate separation methods, such as first-line indentation, can be achieved with CSS:

HTML

html

Separating paragraphs with blank lines is easiest for readers to scan, but they can also be separated by indenting their first lines. This is often used to take up less space, such as to save paper in print.

Writing that is intended to be edited, such as school papers and rough drafts, uses both blank lines and indentation for separation. In finished works, combining both is considered redundant and amateurish.

In very old writing, paragraphs were separated with a special character: ¶, the pilcrow. Nowadays, this is considered claustrophobic and hard to read.

How hard to read? See for yourself:

CSS

css
p {
  margin: 0;
  text-indent: 3ch;
}

p.pilcrow {
  text-indent: 0;
  display: inline;
}
p.pilcrow + p.pilcrow::before {
  content: " ¶ ";
}

JavaScript

js
document.querySelector("button").addEventListener("click", (event) => {
  document.querySelectorAll("p").forEach((paragraph) => {
    paragraph.classList.toggle("pilcrow");
  });

  [event.target.innerText, event.target.dataset.toggleText] = [
    event.target.dataset.toggleText,
    event.target.innerText,
  ];
});

Result

Technical summary

Content categories Flow content, palpable content.
Permitted content Phrasing content.
Tag omission The start tag is required. The end tag may be omitted if the

element is immediately followed by an

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, , h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
,
,
,
, ,
,
    ,
    , ,
            
    , ,
      or another

      element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and the parent element is not an , , , , ,

    Permitted parents Any element that accepts flow content.
    Implicit ARIA role paragraph
    Permitted ARIA roles Any
    DOM interface HTMLParagraphElement

Specifications

Specification
HTML
# the-p-element

Browser compatibility

See also



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