translate

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since August 2022.

The translate CSS property allows you to specify translation transforms individually and independently of the transform property. This maps better to typical user interface usage, and saves having to remember the exact order of transform functions to specify in the transform value.

Try it

translate: none;

translate: 40px;

translate: 50% -40%;

translate: 20px 4rem;

translate: 20px 4rem 150px;

#default-example {
  background: linear-gradient(skyblue, khaki);
  perspective: 800px;
  perspective-origin: 150% 150%;
}

#example-element {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  perspective: 550px;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
}

.face {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  position: absolute;
  backface-visibility: inherit;
  font-size: 60px;
  color: white;
}

.front {
  background: rgba(90, 90, 90, 0.7);
  transform: translateZ(50px);
}

.back {
  background: rgba(0, 210, 0, 0.7);
  transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(50px);
}

.right {
  background: rgba(210, 0, 0, 0.7);
  transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(50px);
}

.left {
  background: rgba(0, 0, 210, 0.7);
  transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(50px);
}

.top {
  background: rgba(210, 210, 0, 0.7);
  transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(50px);
}

.bottom {
  background: rgba(210, 0, 210, 0.7);
  transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(50px);
}

Syntax

css

/* Keyword values */
translate: none;

/* Single values */
translate: 100px;
translate: 50%;

/* Two values */
translate: 100px 200px;
translate: 50% 105px;

/* Three values */
translate: 50% 105px 5rem;

/* Global values */
translate: inherit;
translate: initial;
translate: revert;
translate: revert-layer;
translate: unset;

Values

Single value: A or that specifies a translation along the X-axis. Equivalent to a translate() (2D translation) function with a single value specified.
Two values: Two or that specify the X and Y axis translation values (respectively) of a 2D translation. Equivalent to a translate() (2D translation) function with two values specified.
Three values: Two and single values that specify the X, Y, and Z axis translation values (respectively) of a 3D translation. Equivalent to a translate3d() (3D translation) function.
none: Specifies that no translation should be applied.

Formal definition

Initial value	`none`
Applies to	transformable elements
Inherited	no
Percentages	refer to the size of bounding box
Computed value	as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
Animation type	a transform
Creates stacking context	yes

Formal syntax

translate = 
  none                                                |
   [  ? ]?  

 = 
        |

Examples

Translating an element on hover

This example shows how to use the translate property to move an element in three axes. The first box is moved along the X axis and the second box is moved along the X and Y axes. The third box is moved along the X, Y and Z axes and has the appearance of moving toward the viewer because of the addition of perspective to the parent element.

HTML

html


  translate X
  translate X,Y
  translate X,Y,Z

CSS

css

.wrapper {
  perspective: 100px;
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: 1em;
}
.wrapper > div {
  width: 7em;
  line-height: 7em;
  text-align: center;
  transition: 0.5s ease-in-out;
  border: 3px dotted;
}
#box1:hover {
  translate: 20px;
}

#box2:hover {
  translate: 20px 20px;
}

#box3:hover {
  translate: 5px 5px 30px;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Transforms Module Level 2 # individual-transforms