+ linkend="pg-stat-activity-view"/> and wish to see auxiliary processes
+ will need to use left joins.
+
-
-
- Fix 's bt_metap()
- to return more appropriate data types that are less likely to overflow
- (Peter Geoghegan)
-
+
+ Fix 's bt_metap()
+ to return more appropriate data types that are less likely to overflow
+ (Peter Geoghegan)
+
-
+
- Rename some recovery-related wait
- events (Fujii Masao)
-
-
- Rename RecoveryWalAll
- to RecoveryWalStream
- and RecoveryWalStream to
- RecoveryRetrieveRetryInterval.
-
+ Rename some recovery-related wait
+ events (Fujii Masao)
+
+ Rename RecoveryWalAll
+ to RecoveryWalStream
+ and RecoveryWalStream to
+ RecoveryRetrieveRetryInterval.
+
-
-
- Fix ALTER FOREIGN
- TABLE ... RENAME COLUMN to return a more appropriate
- command tag (Fujii Masao)
-
+
- Previously it returned ALTER TABLE, but now returns
- ALTER FOREIGN TABLE.
-
+ Fix ALTER FOREIGN
+ TABLE ... RENAME COLUMN to return a more appropriate
+ command tag (Fujii Masao)
+
+ Previously it returned ALTER TABLE, but now returns
+ ALTER FOREIGN TABLE.
+
-
-
- Fix ALTER
- MATERIALIZED VIEW ... RENAME COLUMN to return a more
- appropriate command tag (Fujii Masao)
-
+
- Previously it returned ALTER TABLE, but now returns
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW.
-
+ Fix ALTER
+ MATERIALIZED VIEW ... RENAME COLUMN to return a more
+ appropriate command tag (Fujii Masao)
+
+ Previously it returned ALTER TABLE, but now returns
+ ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW.
+
-
-
- Remove support for defining operator
- classes using pre-
PostgresSQL- 8.0 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
-
+
+ Remove support for defining operator
+ classes using pre-
PostgresSQL+ 8.0 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
+
-
-
- Remove support for defining foreign key
- constraints using pre-
PostgresSQL- 7.3 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
-
+
+ Remove support for defining foreign key
+ constraints using pre-
PostgresSQL+ 7.3 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
+
-
-
- Remove support for "opaque"
- linkend="sql-createtype">pseudo-types used by
- pre-
PostgresSQL 7.3 servers (Daniel
- Gustafsson)
-
+
+ Remove support for "opaque"
+ linkend="sql-createtype">pseudo-types used by
+ pre-
PostgresSQL 7.3 servers (Daniel
+ Gustafsson)
+
Changes
- Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
-
PostgreSQL 13 and the previous major
- release.
-
+ Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
+
PostgreSQL 13 and the previous major
+ release.
+
Server
-
-
-
- Improve cases where
- linkend="ddl-partition-pruning">pruning of partitions can happen
- (Yuzuko Hosoya, Amit Langote, Álvaro Herrera)
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+ Improve cases where
+ linkend="ddl-partition-pruning">pruning of partitions can happen
+ (Yuzuko Hosoya, Amit Langote, Álvaro Herrera)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow partitionwise
+ joins to happen in more cases (Ashutosh Bapat, Etsuro Fujita,
+ Amit Langote, Tom Lane)
+
+
+ For example, partitionwise joins can now happen between partitioned
+ tables even when their partition bounds do not match exactly.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
BEFORE row-level
+ linkend="triggers">triggers on partitioned tables (Álvaro
+ Herrera)
+
+
+ These triggers cannot change which partition is the destination.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow partitioned tables to be logically replicated via
+ linkend="sql-createpublication">publications (Amit Langote)
+
+
+ Previously, partitions had to be replicated individually. Now
+ partitioned tables can be published explicitly causing all partitions
+ to be automatically published. Addition/removal of partitions from
+ partitioned tables are automatically added/removed from publications.
+ The CREATE
+ PUBLICATION option
+ publish_via_partition_root controls whether changes
+ to partitions are published as their own or their ancestor's.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow logical replication into partitioned tables on subscribers
+ (Amit Langote)
+
+
+ Previously, subscribers could only receive rows into non-partitioned
+ tables.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow ROW values
+ to be used as partitioning expressions (Amit Langote)
+
+
- Allow partitionwise
- joins to happen in more cases (Ashutosh Bapat, Etsuro Fujita,
- Amit Langote, Tom Lane)
-
+
- For example, partitionwise joins can now happen between partitioned
- tables even when their partition bounds do not match exactly.
-
-
+
-
-
+
+
Indexes
- Allow
BEFORE row-level
- linkend="triggers">triggers on partitioned tables (Álvaro
- Herrera)
-
+
- These triggers cannot change which partition is the destination.
-
+
+
+
+ More efficiently store
+ linkend="btree-deduplication">duplicates in btree indexes
+ (Anastasia Lubennikova, Peter Geoghegan)
+
+
+ This allows efficient btree indexing of low cardinality columns
+ by storing duplicate keys only once. Users upgrading with
+ linkend="pgupgrade">
pg_upgrade+ will need to use
+ linkend="sql-reindex">REINDEX to make use
+ of this feature.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
GiST and
+ linkend="spgist">SP-GiST indexes for
+ linkend="datatype-line">box/point distance lookups (Nikita
+ Glukhov)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ more efficiently handle NOT restrictions (Nikita
+ Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov, Tom Lane, Julien Rouhaud)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow index operator classes
+ to take parameters (Nikita Glukhov)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow CREATE INDEX to specify the GiST signature
+ length and maximum number of integer ranges (Nikita Glukhov)
+
+
+ Indexes created on four and eight-byte integer
+ array, tsvector,
+
,
, and
+ linkend="hstore"/> columns can now control these GiST index parameters,
+ rather than using the defaults.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Prevent indexes that use non-default collations from being
+ linkend="sql-altertable">added as a table's unique or primary
+ key constraint (Tom Lane)
+
+
+ The index and column collations must now match so the index's
+ uniqueness matches the column's uniqueness.
+
+
-
-
-
+
- Allow partitioned tables to be logically replicated via
- linkend="sql-createpublication">publications (Amit Langote)
-
+
- Previously, partitions had to be replicated individually. Now
- partitioned tables can be published explicitly causing all partitions
- to be automatically published. Addition/removal of partitions from
- partitioned tables are automatically added/removed from publications.
- The CREATE
- PUBLICATION option
- publish_via_partition_root controls whether changes
- to partitions are published as their own or their ancestor's.
-
+
+
Optimizer
- >
+ >
-
-
+
+
+
+ Improve the optimizer's
+ linkend="planner-stats-details">selectivity estimation for
+ containment/match operators (Tom Lane)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow setting statistics target
+ for extended statistics
+ (Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+ This is controlled with the new command option ALTER
+ STATISTICS ... SET STATISTICS. Previously this was computed
+ based on more general statistics target settings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow use of multiple extended statistics objects in a single query
+ (Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow use of extended statistics objects for OR clauses and
+ linkend="functions-subquery">IN/ANY constant
+ lists (Pierre Ducroquet, Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow functions in FROM clauses to be moved to their
+ reference sites if they evaluate to constants (Alexander Kuzmenkov,
+ Aleksandr Parfenov)
+
+
- Allow logical replication into partitioned tables on subscribers
- (Amit Langote)
-
+
- Previously, subscribers could only receive rows into non-partitioned
- tables.
-
-
+
-
-
+
+
General Performance
- Allow ROW values
- to be used as partitioning expressions (Amit Langote)
-
+
-
+
+
+
+ Implement incremental
+ sorting (James Coleman, Alexander Korotkov, Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+ If a result is already sorted by several leading keys, this
+ allows for batch sorting of additional trailing keys because the
+ previous keys are already equal. This is controlled by
+ linkend="guc-enable-incrementalsort"/>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve the performance of sorting
+ linkend="datatype-inet">inet values (Brandur Leach)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow hash aggregation
+ to use disk storage for large aggregation result sets (Jeff Davis)
+
+
+ Previously, hash aggregation was avoided if it was expected to use
+ more than memory. This is controlled
+ by .
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow grouping sets to
+ use hash aggregation with disk storage for large grouping set results
+ (Jeff Davis)
+
+
+ Previously, hash aggregation was avoided if it was expected to use
+ more than memory. This is controlled
+ by .
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow inserts to trigger autovacuum
+ activity (Laurenz Albe, Darafei Praliaskouski)
+
+
+ This new behavior reduces the work necessary when the table needs to
+ be frozen and allows pages to be set as all-visible. All-visible pages
+ allow index-only scans to access fewer heap rows.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add to control I/O
+ concurrency for maintenance operations (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow skipping of
WAL for
+ linkend="guc-full-page-writes">full table writes if
+ linkend="guc-wal-level"/> is minimal (Kyotaro
+ Horiguchi)
+
+
+ Relations larger than
+ will have their files fsync'ed rather than generating
+
WAL. Previously this was done only for
+ COPY operations, but the implementation had a bug
+ that could cause data loss during crash recovery.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Enable Unix-domain sockets
+ support on Windows (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve the performance when replaying
+ linkend="sql-dropdatabase">DROP DATABASE
+ commands when many tablespaces are in use (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve performance for truncation
+ of very large relations (Kirk Jamison)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve speed of
+ linkend="storage-toast">
TOAST decompression
+ and the retrieval of only the leading bytes of
TOAST+ values (Binguo Bao, Andrey Borodin)
+
+
+ Previously,
TOAST values were fully fetched and
+ only the requested leading bytes were decompressed and returned.
+ Now, only the requested bytes are fetched.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve performance of
+ linkend="sql-listen">LISTEN/NOTIFY
+ (Martijn van Oosterhout)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve the efficiency of removing duplicate
+ linkend="sql-notify">NOTIFY events (Tom Lane)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Use lookup tables to speed up integer to text conversion (David Fetter)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Reduce memory usage for query strings that contain multiple
+
SQL statements (Amit Langote)
+
+
-
<span class="marked">Indexes</span>
+
<span class="marked">Monitoring</span>
-
-
-
- More efficiently store
- linkend="btree-deduplication">duplicates in btree indexes
- (Anastasia Lubennikova, Peter Geoghegan)
-
+
+
+
+ Allow EXPLAIN,
+
,
+ linkend="autovacuum">autovacuum, and
+ linkend="pgstatstatements"/> to track
WAL usage
+ statistics (Kirill Bychik, Julien Rouhaud)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow a sample of statements to be logged (Adrien Nayrat)
+
+
+ A ratio of statements
+ taking over duration
+ will be logged.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add the backend type to
+ linkend="runtime-config-logging">csvlog and optionally
+ linkend="guc-log-line-prefix"/> log output (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve control of prepared statement parameter logging (Alexey
+ Bashtanov, Álvaro Herrera)
+
+
+ The
GUC setting
+ linkend="guc-log-parameter-max-length"/> controls the maximum length
+ of parameter values output during statement non-error logging, and
+ does the
+ same for error statement logging. Previously, prepared statement
+ parameters were not logged during errors.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Make vacuum buffer counters 64-bits
+ wide to avoid overflow (Álvaro Herrera)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow function call backtraces of errors to be logged (Peter
+ Eisentraut, Álvaro Herrera)
+
+
+ Server variable specifies
+ which C functions should generate backtraces on error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add min() and
+
max() aggregates for
+ linkend="datatype-pg-lsn">pg_lsn (Fabrízio
+ de Royes Mello)
+
+
+ This is useful for monitoring queries.
+
+
- This allows efficient btree indexing of low cardinality columns
- by storing duplicate keys only once. Users upgrading with
- linkend="pgupgrade">
pg_upgrade- will need to use
- linkend="sql-reindex">REINDEX to make use
- of this feature.
-
+
- listitem>
+ sect4>
-
-
+
+
System Views
- Allow
GiST and
- linkend="spgist">SP-GiST indexes for
- linkend="datatype-line">box/point distance lookups (Nikita
- Glukhov)
-
+
-
+
+
+
+ Add
leader_pid to
+ linkend="pg-stat-activity-view"/> to report parallel worker ownership
+ (Julien Rouhaud)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add system view
+ linkend="basebackup-progress-reporting">pg_stat_progress_basebackup
+ to report the progress of streaming base backups (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add system view
+ linkend="monitoring-stats-dynamic-views-table">pg_stat_progress_analyze
+ to report analyze progress
+ (Álvaro Herrera, Tatsuro Yamada, Vinayak Pokale)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add columns to the
+ linkend="monitoring-stats-dynamic-views-table">pg_stat_replication
+ system view to report how much logical decoding information has been
+ spilled to disk (Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add system view
+ linkend="view-pg-shmem-allocations">pg_shmem_allocations
+ to display shared memory usage (Andres Freund, Robert Haas)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Create
+ linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table">pg_stat_slru
+ system view to monitor internal
SLRU caches
+ (Tomas Vondra)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow to be set up
+ to 1MB (Vyacheslav Makarov)
+
+
+ The previous maximum was 100kB.
+
+
-
-
+
- more efficiently handle NOT restrictions (Nikita
- Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov, Tom Lane, Julien Rouhaud)
-
+
-
+
+
<link linkend="wait-event-table">Wait Events</link>
-
-
+
- Allow index operator classes
- to take parameters (Nikita Glukhov)
-
+
+
+
+ Add wait event for posix_fallocate() (Thomas
+ Munro)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add wait event VacuumDelay to report on cost-based vacuum delay
+ (Justin Pryzby)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add wait events for
WAL archive and recovery pause
+ (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+ The new events are BackupWaitWalArchive and RecoveryPause.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add wait events RecoveryConflictSnapshot and
+ RecoveryConflictTablespace to monitor recovery conflicts (Masahiko
+ Sawada)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve performance of wait events on
BSD-based
+ systems (Thomas Munro)
+
+
- >
+ >
-
-
+
- Allow CREATE INDEX to specify the GiST signature
- length and maximum number of integer ranges (Nikita Glukhov)
-
+
+
<acronym>Authentication</acronym>
- Indexes created on four and eight-byte integer
- array, tsvector,
-
,
, and
- linkend="hstore"/> columns can now control these GiST index parameters,
- rather than using the defaults.
-
+
-
+
+
+
+ Only allow superusers to view the
+ linkend="guc-ssl-passphrase-command"/> setting (Insung Moon)
+
+
+ This was changed as a security precaution.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Change the default minimum
TLS version from 1.0
+ to 1.2 (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+ This is controlled by .
+
+
-
-
+
- Prevent indexes that use non-default collations from being
- linkend="sql-altertable">added as a table's unique or primary
- key constraint (Tom Lane)
-
+
- The index and column collations must now match so the index's
- uniqueness matches the column's uniqueness.
-
+
+
Server Configuration
- >
+ >
+
+
+
+ Tighten rules on which utility commands are possible in
+ linkend="guc-default-transaction-read-only"/> mode (Robert Haas)
+
+
+ This also increases the number of utility commands that can run in
+ parallel queries.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow to be changed
+ after server start (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Disallow non-superusers from modifying system tables when
+ linkend="guc-allow-system-table-mods"/> is set (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+ Previously, if
+ was set at server start, non-superusers could issue
+ INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
+ commands on system tables.
+
+
-
-
Optimizer
+
-
+
+
Streaming Replication and Recovery
-
-
+
- Improve the optimizer's
- linkend="planner-stats-details">selectivity estimation for
- containment/match operators (Tom Lane)
-
+
+
+
+ Allow streaming replication configuration settings to be changed by
+ reload (Sergei Kornilov)
+
+
+ Previously, a server restart was required to change
+
and
+ linkend="guc-primary-slot-name"/>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
WAL receivers use a temporary replication slot
+ if a permanent one is not specified (Peter Eisentraut, Sergei Kornilov)
+
+
+ This behavior can be enabled using
+ linkend="guc-wal-receiver-create-temp-slot"/>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow replication slot storage to be limited by
+ linkend="guc-max-slot-wal-keep-size"/> (Kyotaro Horiguchi)
+
+
+ Replication slots that exceed this value are invalidated.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow standby promotion
+ to cancel any requested pause (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+ Previously, promotion could not happen while the standby was in
+ paused state.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Generate an error if recovery does not reach the specified
+ linkend="runtime-config-wal-recovery-target">recovery target
+ (Leif Gunnar Erlandsen, Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+ Previously, the end of the
WAL would promote the
+ standby, even if the target was not reached.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow control over how much memory is used by logical decoding before
+ it is spilled to disk (Tomas Vondra, Dilip Kumar, Amit Kapila)
+
+
+ This is controlled by .
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
WAL recovery to continue even if invalid
+ pages are referenced (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+ This is enabled using .
+
+
- listitem>
+ itemizedlist>
-
-
+
- Allow setting statistics target
- for extended statistics
- (Tomas Vondra)
-
+
+
Utility Commands
- This is controlled with the new command option ALTER
- STATISTICS ... SET STATISTICS. Previously this was computed
- based on more general statistics target settings.
-
+
-
+
+
+
+ Allow VACUUM
+ to process indexes in parallel (Masahiko Sawada, Amit Kapila)
+
+
+ The new PARALLEL option controls this.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow FETCH FIRST
+ to use WITH TIES to return any additional rows
+ that match the last result row (Surafel Temesgen)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Report planning-time buffer usage in
+ linkend="sql-explain">EXPLAIN's
+ BUFFER output (Julien Rouhaud)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Have CREATE TABLE
+ LIKE propagate CHECK's NO
+ INHERIT property to created tables (Ildar Musin, Chris
+ Travers)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ When using LOCK
+ TABLE on a partitioned table, do not check permissions
+ on the child tables (Amit Langote)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow OVERRIDING USER
+ VALUE on inserts into identity columns (Dean Rasheed)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add ALTER
+ TABLE clause DROP EXPRESSION
+ to remove generated properties from columns (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Fix bugs in ALTER TABLE when later clauses overlap
+ changes made by earlier clauses in the same command (Tom Lane)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add ALTER VIEW
+ syntax to rename view columns (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+ This was previously possible only using ALTER TABLE RENAME
+ COLUMN.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add ALTER TYPE
+ options useful for extensions, like
TOAST and I/O
+ functions control (Tomas Vondra, Tom Lane)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add CREATE
+ DATABASE LOCALE option (Peter
+ Eisentraut)
+
+
+ This combines existing options LC_COLLATE and
+ LC_CTYPE into a single option.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow DROP
+ DATABASE to disconnect users so drop succeeds (Pavel
+ Stehule, Amit Kapila)
+
+
+ This is enabled by WITH FORCE.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add C structure member
+ linkend="trigger-interface">tg_updatedcols
+ to record updated columns to C triggers (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add FOREIGN to ALTER statements,
+ if appropriate (Luis Carril)
+
+
+ WHAT IS THIS ABOUT?
+
+
-
-
+
- Allow use of multiple extended statistics objects in a single query
- (Tomas Vondra)
-
+
-
+
+
Data Types
-
-
+
- Allow use of extended statistics objects for OR clauses and
- linkend="functions-subquery">IN/ANY constant
- lists (Pierre Ducroquet, Tomas Vondra)
-
+
+
+
+ Add polymorphic data types for use by functions requiring compatible
+ arguments (Pavel Stehule)
+
+
+ The new data types are
+ linkend="datatype-pseudotypes-table">anycompatible,
+ anycompatiblearray, anycompatiblenonarray, and anycompatiblerange.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add
SQL data type
+ linkend="datatype-oid">xid8 to expose FullTransactionId
+ (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+ The xid data type is only four bytes so does not show the transaction
+ epoch.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add data type regcollation and
+ helper functions for system collations (Julien Rouhaud)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Use the glibc version in some cases as the
+ linkend="collation">collation version (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+ If the glibc version changes, a warning will be issued when a
+ mismatching collation is used.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add support for collation versions on Windows (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow ROW values
+ values to have their members extracted with suffix notation (Tom Lane)
+
+
+ For example, (ROW(4, 5.0)).f1 returns 4.
+
+
- listitem>
+ itemizedlist>
-
-
+
- Allow functions in FROM clauses to be moved to their
- reference sites if they evaluate to constants (Alexander Kuzmenkov,
- Aleksandr Parfenov)
-
+
+
Functions
- </listitem>
+ <itemizedlist>
+
+
+
+ Add alternate version of
+ linkend="functions-json-processing-table">jsonb_setI()
+ with special NULL handling (Andrew Dunstan)
+
+
+ The new function, jsonb_set_lax(), allows null
+ new values to either set the specified key to
JSON+ null, delete the key, raise exception, or ignore the operation.
+ IS 'return_target' CLEAR?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add jsonpath
+ linkend="functions-sqljson-path-operators">.datetime()
+ method (Nikita Glukhov, Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov, Alexander
+ Korotkov)
+
+
+ This allows json values to be converted to timestamps, which can
+ then be processed in jsonpath expressions. This also adds jsonpath
+ functions that support time zone-aware output.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add
SQL functions
+ linkend="functions-string-sql">NORMALIZE()
+ to normalize Unicode strings, and
+ linkend="collation-nondeterministic">IS
+ NORMALIZED to check for normalization (Peter
+ Eisentraut)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow Unicode
+ escapes, e.g., E'\u####', U&'\####', to specify any
+ character available in the database encoding, even when the database
+ encoding is not
UTF-8 (Tom Lane)
+
+
+ The Unicode characters must be available in the database encoding.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
+ linkend="functions-formatting">to_date()
+ and to_timestamp() to recognize non-English
+ month/day names (Juan José Santamaría Flecha, Tom Lane)
+
+
+ The names recognized are the same as those output by
+ linkend="functions-formatting">to_char()
+ with the same format codes.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add format specifications FF1-FF6 to control display of 1-6 subsecond
+ digits (Alexander Korotkov, Nikita Glukhov, Teodor Sigaev, Oleg
+ Bartunov)
+
+
+ These patterns can be used by to_char(),
+ to_timestamp(), and jsonpath's
+ .datetime().
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add SSSSS time format specification as an
+
SQL standard alias for
SSSS+ (Nikita Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add function
+ linkend="functions-uuid">gen_random_uuid()
+ to generate version 4 UUIDs (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
+ Previously
UUID generation functions were only
+ available external modules
or
+ linkend="pgcrypto"/> were installed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add greatest-common-denominator (
+ linkend="functions-math-func-table">gcd) and
+ least-common-multiple (lcm) functions (Vik Fearing)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve the performance and accuracy of
+ linkend="functions-math-func-table">square root and natural log
+ (ln) output (Dean Rasheed)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add function
+ linkend="functions-math-func-table">min_scale()
+ that returns the number of digits to the right the decimal point
+ that is required to represent the numeric value with full precision
+ (Pavel Stehule)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add function
+ linkend="functions-math-func-table">trim_scale()
+ to reduce the scale of a number by removing trailing zeros (Pavel
+ Stehule)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add commutators of distance
+ operators (Nikita Glukhov)
+
+
+ For example, previously only point <-> line was supported,
+ now line <-> point works too.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Create xid8 versions of all
+ linkend="functions-pg-snapshot">transaction id functions
+ (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+ The old function names were kept for backward compatibility. DO WE
+ HAVE NEW NAMES?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
+ linkend="functions-binarystring-other">get_bit()
+ and set_bit() to set bits beyond 256MB of bytea
+ data (Movead Li)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow advisory-lock
+ functions to be used in some parallel operations (Tom Lane)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add the ability to remove an object's dependency on an extension
+ (Álvaro Herrera)
+
+
+ The object can be a function, materialized view, index, or trigger.
+ The syntax is ALTER .. NO DEPENDS ON.
+
+
-
- sect4>
+ itemizedlist>
-
-
General Performance
+
-
+
+
<link linkend="plpgsql">PL/pgSQL</link>
-
-
+
- Implement incremental
- sorting (James Coleman, Alexander Korotkov, Tomas Vondra)
-
+
+
+
+ Improve performance of simple PL/pgSQL expressions (Tom Lane,
+ Amit Langote)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve the performance of PL/pgSQL functions that use immutable
+ expressions (Konstantin Knizhnik)
+
+
- If a result is already sorted by several leading keys, this
- allows for batch sorting of additional trailing keys because the
- previous keys are already equal. This is controlled by
- linkend="guc-enable-incrementalsort"/>.
-
+
- >
+ >
-
-
+
+
Client Interfaces
- Improve the performance of sorting
- linkend="datatype-inet">inet values (Brandur Leach)
-
+
-
+
+
+
+ Allow libpq clients to require channel binding (Jeff Davis)
+
+
+ Using the libpq connection parameter
+ linkend="libpq-connect-channel-binding">channel_binding
+ forces the other end of the
TLS connection to prove
+ it knows the user's password. This prevents man-in-the-middle attacks.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add libpq connection parameters to control the min/max
+
TLS version (Daniel Gustafsson)
+
+
+ The settings are
+ linkend="libpq-connect-ssl-min-protocol-version"/> and
+ linkend="libpq-connect-ssl-max-protocol-version"/>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Tighten line length and comment detection in
+ linkend="libpq-pgpass">.pgpass files (Fujii Masao)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow specification of passwords to unlock client certificates (Craig
+ Ringer, Andrew Dunstan)
+
+
+ This is specified by the
+ connection option.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow
DER-encoded client certificates (Craig Ringer,
+ Andrew Dunstan)
+
+
-
-
+
- Allow hash aggregation
- to use disk storage for large aggregation result sets (Jeff Davis)
-
+
- Previously, hash aggregation was avoided if it was expected to use
- more than memory. This is controlled
- by .
-
+
+
Client Applications
-
+
+
<xref linkend="app-psql"/>
-
-
+
- Allow grouping sets to
- use hash aggregation with disk storage for large grouping set results
- (Jeff Davis)
-
+
+
+
+ Add the transaction status (%x) to the default
+ linkend="app-psql-prompting">
psql+ prompts (Vik Fearing)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow the secondary
psql prompt to be same
+ number of spaces as the primary prompt (Thomas Munro)
+
+
+ This is accomplished by setting PROMPT2 to %w.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Allow \g and \gx to
+ change any \pset output
+ options for a single command (Tom Lane)
+
+
+ This allows syntax like \g (expand=on), which is equivalent to \gx.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add
psql commands to report operator
+ classes and operator families (Sergey Cherkashin, Nikita Glukhov,
+ Alexander Korotkov)
+
+
+ The new commands are
+ linkend="app-psql-meta-commands">\dAc, \dAf, \dAo, and \dAp.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Show table persistence in
psql's
+ linkend="app-psql-meta-commands">\dt+ and related commands
+ (David Fetter)
+
+
+ In verbose mode, the table/index/view shows if the object is permanent,
+ temporary, or unlogged.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Improve output of
psql
+ linkend="app-psql-meta-commands">\d for
TOAST+ tables (Justin Pryzby)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Adjust display of
psql's
+ linkend="app-psql-meta-commands">\e query (Tom Lane)
+
+
+ When exiting the editor, if the query doesn't end with a semicolon
+ or \g, the query buffer contents will now be displayed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add \warn command to
+
+
+ This is like \echo except that the text is sent to stderr instead
+ of stdout.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Add the
PostgreSQL home page to command-line
+ output (Peter Eisentraut)
+
+
- Previously, hash aggregation was avoided if it was expected to use
- more than memory. This is controlled
- by .
-
+
- listitem>
+ sect4>
-
-
+
+
<link linkend="pgbench"><application>pgbench</application></link>
- Allow inserts to trigger autovacuum
- activity (Laurenz Albe, Darafei Praliaskouski)
-
-
- This new behavior reduces the work necessary when the table needs to
- be frozen and allows pages to be set as all-visible. All-visible pages
- allow index-only scans to access fewer heap rows.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add to control I/O
- concurrency for maintenance operations (Thomas Munro)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow skipping of
WAL for
- linkend="guc-full-page-writes">full table writes if
- linkend="guc-wal-level"/> is minimal (Kyotaro
- Horiguchi)
-
-
- Relations larger than
- will have their files fsync'ed rather than generating
-
WAL. Previously this was done only for
- COPY operations, but the implementation had a bug
- that could cause data loss during crash recovery.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Enable Unix-domain sockets
- support on Windows (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve the performance when replaying
- linkend="sql-dropdatabase">DROP DATABASE
- commands when many tablespaces are in use (Fujii Masao)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve performance for truncation
- of very large relations (Kirk Jamison)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve speed of
- linkend="storage-toast">
TOAST decompression
- and the retrieval of only the leading bytes of
TOAST- values (Binguo Bao, Andrey Borodin)
-
-
- Previously,
TOAST values were fully fetched and
- only the requested leading bytes were decompressed and returned.
- Now, only the requested bytes are fetched.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve performance of
- linkend="sql-listen">LISTEN/NOTIFY
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve the efficiency of removing duplicate
- linkend="sql-notify">NOTIFY events (Tom Lane)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Use lookup tables to speed up integer to text conversion (David Fetter)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Reduce memory usage for query strings that contain multiple
-
SQL statements (Amit Langote)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Monitoring
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow EXPLAIN,
-
,
- linkend="autovacuum">autovacuum, and
- linkend="pgstatstatements"/> to track
WAL usage
- statistics (Kirill Bychik, Julien Rouhaud)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow a sample of statements to be logged (Adrien Nayrat)
-
-
- A ratio of statements
- taking over duration
- will be logged.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add the backend type to
- linkend="runtime-config-logging">csvlog and optionally
- linkend="guc-log-line-prefix"/> log output (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve control of prepared statement parameter logging (Alexey
- Bashtanov, Álvaro Herrera)
-
-
- The
GUC setting
- linkend="guc-log-parameter-max-length"/> controls the maximum length
- of parameter values output during statement non-error logging, and
- does the
- same for error statement logging. Previously, prepared statement
- parameters were not logged during errors.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Make vacuum buffer counters 64-bits
- wide to avoid overflow (Álvaro Herrera)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow function call backtraces of errors to be logged (Peter
- Eisentraut, Álvaro Herrera)
-
-
- Server variable specifies
- which C functions should generate backtraces on error.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add min() and
-
max() aggregates for
- linkend="datatype-pg-lsn">pg_lsn (Fabrízio
- de Royes Mello)
-
-
- This is useful for monitoring queries.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
System Views
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add
leader_pid to
- linkend="pg-stat-activity-view"/> to report parallel worker ownership
- (Julien Rouhaud)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add system view
- linkend="basebackup-progress-reporting">pg_stat_progress_basebackup
- to report the progress of streaming base backups (Fujii Masao)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add system view
- linkend="monitoring-stats-dynamic-views-table">pg_stat_progress_analyze
- to report analyze progress
- (Álvaro Herrera, Tatsuro Yamada, Vinayak Pokale)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add columns to the
- linkend="monitoring-stats-dynamic-views-table">pg_stat_replication
- system view to report how much logical decoding information has been
- spilled to disk (Tomas Vondra)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add system view
- linkend="view-pg-shmem-allocations">pg_shmem_allocations
- to display shared memory usage (Andres Freund, Robert Haas)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Create
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table">pg_stat_slru
- system view to monitor internal
SLRU caches
- (Tomas Vondra)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow to be set up
- to 1MB (Vyacheslav Makarov)
-
-
- The previous maximum was 100kB.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
<link linkend="wait-event-table">Wait Events</link>
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add wait event for posix_fallocate() (Thomas
- Munro)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add wait event VacuumDelay to report on cost-based vacuum delay
- (Justin Pryzby)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add wait events for
WAL archive and recovery pause
- (Fujii Masao)
-
-
- The new events are BackupWaitWalArchive and RecoveryPause.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add wait events RecoveryConflictSnapshot and
- RecoveryConflictTablespace to monitor recovery conflicts (Masahiko
- Sawada)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Improve performance of wait events on
BSD-based
- systems (Thomas Munro)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
<acronym>Authentication</acronym>
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Only allow superusers to view the
- linkend="guc-ssl-passphrase-command"/> setting (Insung Moon)
-
-
- This was changed as a security precaution.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Change the default minimum
TLS version from 1.0
- to 1.2 (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
- This is controlled by .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Server Configuration
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Tighten rules on which utility commands are possible in
- linkend="guc-default-transaction-read-only"/> mode (Robert Haas)
-
-
- This also increases the number of utility commands that can run in
- parallel queries.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow to be changed
- after server start (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Disallow non-superusers from modifying system tables when
- linkend="guc-allow-system-table-mods"/> is set (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
- Previously, if
- was set at server start, non-superusers could issue
- INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
- commands on system tables.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Streaming Replication and Recovery
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow streaming replication configuration settings to be changed by
- reload (Sergei Kornilov)
-
-
- Previously, a server restart was required to change
-
and
- linkend="guc-primary-slot-name"/>.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow
WAL receivers use a temporary replication slot
- if a permanent one is not specified (Peter Eisentraut, Sergei Kornilov)
-
-
- This behavior can be enabled using
- linkend="guc-wal-receiver-create-temp-slot"/>.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow replication slot storage to be limited by
- linkend="guc-max-slot-wal-keep-size"/> (Kyotaro Horiguchi)
-
-
- Replication slots that exceed this value are invalidated.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow standby promotion
- to cancel any requested pause (Fujii Masao)
-
-
- Previously, promotion could not happen while the standby was in
- paused state.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Generate an error if recovery does not reach the specified
- linkend="runtime-config-wal-recovery-target">recovery target
- (Leif Gunnar Erlandsen, Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
- Previously, the end of the
WAL would promote the
- standby, even if the target was not reached.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow control over how much memory is used by logical decoding before
- it is spilled to disk (Tomas Vondra, Dilip Kumar, Amit Kapila)
-
-
- This is controlled by .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow
WAL recovery to continue even if invalid
- pages are referenced (Fujii Masao)
-
-
- This is enabled using .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Utility Commands
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow VACUUM
- to process indexes in parallel (Masahiko Sawada, Amit Kapila)
-
-
- The new PARALLEL option controls this.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow FETCH FIRST
- to use WITH TIES to return any additional rows
- that match the last result row (Surafel Temesgen)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Report planning-time buffer usage in
- linkend="sql-explain">EXPLAIN's
- BUFFER output (Julien Rouhaud)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Have CREATE TABLE
- LIKE propagate CHECK's NO
- INHERIT property to created tables (Ildar Musin, Chris
- Travers)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- When using LOCK
- TABLE on a partitioned table, do not check permissions
- on the child tables (Amit Langote)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow OVERRIDING USER
- VALUE on inserts into identity columns (Dean Rasheed)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add ALTER
- TABLE clause DROP EXPRESSION
- to remove generated properties from columns (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Fix bugs in ALTER TABLE when later clauses overlap
- changes made by earlier clauses in the same command (Tom Lane)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add ALTER VIEW
- syntax to rename view columns (Fujii Masao)
-
-
- This was previously possible only using ALTER TABLE RENAME
- COLUMN.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add ALTER TYPE
- options useful for extensions, like
TOAST and I/O
- functions control (Tomas Vondra, Tom Lane)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add CREATE
- DATABASE LOCALE option (Peter
- Eisentraut)
-
-
- This combines existing options LC_COLLATE and
- LC_CTYPE into a single option.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Allow DROP
- DATABASE to disconnect users so drop succeeds (Pavel
- Stehule, Amit Kapila)
-
-
- This is enabled by WITH FORCE.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add C structure member
- linkend="trigger-interface">tg_updatedcols
- to record updated columns to C triggers (Peter Eisentraut)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add FOREIGN to ALTER statements,
- if appropriate (Luis Carril)
-
-
- WHAT IS THIS ABOUT?
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Data Types
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add polymorphic data types for use by functions requiring compatible
- arguments (Pavel Stehule)
-
-
- The new data types are
- linkend="datatype-pseudotypes-table">anycompatible,
- anycompatiblearray, anycompatiblenonarray, and anycompatiblerange.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Add
SQL data type
- linkend="datatype-oid">xid8 to expose FullTransactionId
- (Thomas Munro)
-
-
-
projects / postgresql.git / commitdiff