1.14) How are RPMs packaged?
-
This was written by Lamar Owen:
+
This was written by Lamar Owen and Devrim Gündüz:
-
-
As to how the RPMs are built -- to answer that question sanely
- requires me to know how much experience you have with the whole RPM
- paradigm. 'How is the RPM built?' is a multifaceted question. The
- obvious simple answer is that I maintain:
+ As to how the RPMs are built -- to answer that question sanely
+ requires us to know how much experience you have with the whole RPM
+ paradigm. 'How is the RPM built?' is a multifaceted question. The
+ obvious simple answer is that we maintain:
A set of patches to make certain portions of the source tree
'behave' in the different environment of the RPMset;
trivial undertaking in a package of this size.
-
I then download and build on as many different canonical
- distributions as I can -- currently I am able to build on Red Hat
- 6.2, 7.0, and 7.1 on my personal hardware. Occasionally I receive
- opportunity from certain commercial enterprises such as Great
- Bridge and PostgreSQL, Inc. to build on other distributions.
-
-
I test the build by installing the resulting packages and
- running the regression tests. Once the build passes these tests, I
- upload to the postgresql.org ftp server and make a release
- announcement. I am also responsible for maintaining the RPM
- download area on the ftp site.
-
-
You'll notice I said 'canonical' distributions above. That
- simply means that the machine is as stock 'out of the box' as
- practical -- that is, everything (except select few programs) on
- these boxen are installed by RPM; only official Red Hat released
- RPMs are used (except in unusual circumstances involving software
- that will not alter the build -- for example, installing a newer
- non-RedHat version of the Dia diagramming package is OK --
- installing Python 2.1 on the box that has Python 1.5.2 installed is
- not, as that alters the PostgreSQL build). The RPM as uploaded is
- built to as close to out-of-the-box pristine as is possible. Only
- the standard released 'official to that release' compiler is used
- -- and only the standard official kernel is used as well.
-
-
For a time I built on Mandrake for RedHat consumption -- no
- more. Nonstandard RPM building systems are worse than useless.
- Which is not to say that Mandrake is useless! By no means is
- Mandrake useless -- unless you are building Red Hat RPMs -- and Red
- Hat is useless if you're trying to build Mandrake or SuSE RPMs, for
- that matter. But I would be foolish to use 'Lamar Owen's Super
- Special RPM Blend Distro 0.1.2' to build for public consumption!
- :-)
-
-
I _do_ attempt to make the _source_ RPM compatible with as many
- distributions as possible -- however, since I have limited
- resources (as a volunteer RPM maintainer) I am limited as to the
- amount of testing said build will get on other distributions,
- architectures, or systems.
-
-
And, while I understand people's desire to immediately upgrade
- to the newest version, realize that I do this as a side interest --
- I have a regular, full-time job as a broadcast
- engineer/webmaster/sysadmin/Technical Director which occasionally
- prevents me from making timely RPM releases. This happened during
- the early part of the 7.1 beta cycle -- but I believe I was pretty
- much on the ball for the Release Candidates and the final
- release.
-
-
I am working towards a more open RPM distribution -- I would
- dearly love to more fully document the process and put everything
- into CVS -- once I figure out how I want to represent things such
- as the spec file in a CVS form. It makes no sense to maintain a
- changelog, for instance, in the spec file in CVS when CVS does a
- better job of changelogs -- I will need to write a tool to generate
- a real spec file from a CVS spec-source file that would add version
- numbers, changelog entries, etc to the result before building the
- RPM. IOW, I need to rethink the process -- and then go through the
- motions of putting my long RPM history into CVS one version at a
- time so that version history information isn't lost.
-
-
As to why all these files aren't part of the source tree, well,
- unless there was a large cry for it to happen, I don't believe it
- should. PostgreSQL is very platform-agnostic -- and I like that.
- Including the RPM stuff as part of the Official Tarball (TM) would,
- IMHO, slant that agnostic stance in a negative way. But maybe I'm
- too sensitive to that. I'm not opposed to doing that if that is the
- consensus of the core group -- and that would be a sneaky way to
- get the stuff into CVS :-). But if the core group isn't thrilled
- with the idea (and my instinct says they're not likely to be), I am
- opposed to the idea -- not to keep the stuff to myself, but to not
- hinder the platform-neutral stance. IMHO, of course.
-
-
Of course, there are many projects that DO include all the files
- necessary to build RPMs from their Official Tarball (TM).
+
PGDG RPM Maintainer builds the SRPM and announces the SRPM to the
+ pgsqlrpms-hackers list. This is a list where package builders are
+ subscribed. Then, the builders download the SRPM and rebuild it on their
+ machines.
+
+
We try to build on as many different canonical distributions as we can.
+ Currently we are able to build on Red Hat Linux 9, RHEL 3 and above,
+ and all Fedora Core Linux releases.
+
+
To test the binaries, we install them on our local machines and run
+ regression tests. If the package builders uses postgres user to build the
+ rpms, then it is possible to run regression tests during RPM builds.
+
+
Once the build passes these tests, the binary RPMs are sent back to PGDG
+ RPM Maintainer and they are pushed to main FTP site, followed by a
+ release announcement to pgsqlrpms-* lists, pgsql-general and
+ pgsql-announce lists.
+
+
You will notice we said 'canonical' distributions above. That simply
+ means that the machine is as stock 'out of the box' as practical --
+ that is, everything (except select few programs) on these boxen are
+ installed by RPM; only official Red Hat released RPMs are used (except
+ in unusual circumstances involving software that will not alter the
+ build -- for example, installing a newer non-RedHat version of the Dia
+ diagramming package is OK -- installing Python 2.1 on the box that has
+ Python 1.5.2 installed is not, as that alters the PostgreSQL build).
+ The RPM as uploaded is built to as close to out-of-the-box pristine as
+ is possible. Only the standard released 'official to that release'
+ compiler is used -- and only the standard official kernel is used as
+ well.
+
+
PGDG RPM Building Project does not build RPMs for Mandrake .
+
+
We usually have only one SRPM for all platforms. This is because of our
+ limited resources. However, on some cases, we may distribute different
+ SRPMs for different platforms, depending on possible compilation problems,
+ especially on older distros.
+
+
Please note that this is a volunteered job -- We are doing our best to
+ keep packages up to date. We, at least, provide SRPMs for all platforms.
+ For example, if you do not find a RHEL 4 x86_64 RPM in our FTP site, it
+ means that we do not have a RHEL 4 x86_64 server around. If you have one
+ and want to help us, please do not hesitate to build rpms and send to us :-)
+ http://pgfoundry.org/docman/view.php/1000048/98/PostgreSQL-RPM-Installation-PGDG.pdf
+ has some information about building binary RPMs using an SRPM.
+
+
PGDG RPM Building Project is a hosted on pgFoundry :
+ We are an open community, except one point : Our pgsqlrpms-hackers list is open
+ to package builders only. Still, its archives are visible to public.
+ We use a CVS server to save the work we have done so far. This includes
+ spec files and patches; as well as documents.
+
+
As to why all these files aren't part of the source tree, well, unless
+ there was a large cry for it to happen, we don't believe it should.
1.15) How are CVS branches managed?